Comptes Rendus
Research article - Control theory, Partial differential equations
Some fundamental properties of the approximate synchronization by groups for a coupled system of wave equations with internal controls
Comptes Rendus. Mathématique, Volume 363 (2025), pp. 893-904

In this paper, we show that the independence of approximately synchronizable state $u$ by $p$-groups with respect to applied controls, the linear independence of the components, the non extensibility of the approximate synchronization by $p$-groups as well as the necessity of the condition of $C_p$-compatibility, all these properties are the consequence of the minimality of Kalman’s rank condition and vice versa. These results reveal the role of Kalman rank conditions on control problems from different aspects, and further develop the synchronization theory.

Dans cette note, nous montrons que l’indépendance de l’état de synchronisation approchée par rapport aux contrôles, la non extensibilité de la synchronisation approchée, l’indépendance linéaire des composants de l’état de synchronisation approchée ainsi que la condition de $C_p$-compatibilité, toutes ces propriétés sont la conséquence de la minimalité de la condition du rang de Kalman.

Received:
Accepted:
Published online:
DOI: 10.5802/crmath.642
Classification: 93B05, 93C20, 35L53
Keywords: Kalman’s rank condition, approximate synchronization by groups, system of wave equations
Mots-clés : Condition du rang de Kalman, synchronisation approchée par groupes, système d’équations d’ondes

Tatsien Li  1 ; Bopeng Rao  2

1 School of Mathematical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
2 Institut de Recherche Mathématique Avancée, Strasbourg University, 67000 Strasbourg, France
License: CC-BY 4.0
Copyrights: The authors retain unrestricted copyrights and publishing rights
@article{CRMATH_2025__363_G9_893_0,
     author = {Tatsien Li and Bopeng Rao},
     title = {Some fundamental properties of the approximate synchronization by groups for a coupled system of wave equations with internal controls},
     journal = {Comptes Rendus. Math\'ematique},
     pages = {893--904},
     year = {2025},
     publisher = {Acad\'emie des sciences, Paris},
     volume = {363},
     doi = {10.5802/crmath.642},
     language = {en},
}
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tatsien Li
AU  - Bopeng Rao
TI  - Some fundamental properties of the approximate synchronization by groups for a coupled system of wave equations with internal controls
JO  - Comptes Rendus. Mathématique
PY  - 2025
SP  - 893
EP  - 904
VL  - 363
PB  - Académie des sciences, Paris
DO  - 10.5802/crmath.642
LA  - en
ID  - CRMATH_2025__363_G9_893_0
ER  - 
%0 Journal Article
%A Tatsien Li
%A Bopeng Rao
%T Some fundamental properties of the approximate synchronization by groups for a coupled system of wave equations with internal controls
%J Comptes Rendus. Mathématique
%D 2025
%P 893-904
%V 363
%I Académie des sciences, Paris
%R 10.5802/crmath.642
%G en
%F CRMATH_2025__363_G9_893_0
Tatsien Li; Bopeng Rao. Some fundamental properties of the approximate synchronization by groups for a coupled system of wave equations with internal controls. Comptes Rendus. Mathématique, Volume 363 (2025), pp. 893-904. doi: 10.5802/crmath.642

[1] Alampallam V. Balakrishnan Applied functional analysis, Applications of Mathematics, 3, Springer, 1976, x+309 pages | MR | Zbl

[2] Rafael Bru; Leiba Rodman; Hans Schneider Extensions of Jordan bases for invariant subspaces of a matrix, Linear Algebra Appl., Volume 150 (1991), pp. 209-225 | MR | Zbl

[3] Thierry Cazenave; Alain Haraux An introduction to semilinear evolution equations, Oxford Lecture Series in Mathematics and its Applications, 13, Clarendon Press, 1998, xiv+186 pages | MR | DOI | Zbl

[4] Roger A. Horn; Charles R. Johnson Matrix analysis, Cambridge University Press, 2013, xviii+643 pages | MR | Zbl

[5] Tatsien Li; Bopeng Rao Exact synchronization for a coupled system of wave equation with Dirichlet boundary controls, Chin. Ann. Math., Ser. B, Volume 34 (2013), pp. 139-160 | MR | Zbl

[6] Tatsien Li; Bopeng Rao Criteria of Kalman’s type to the approximate controllability and the approximate synchronization for a coupled system of wave equations with Dirichlet boundary controls, SIAM J. Control Optim., Volume 54 (2016), pp. 49-72 | MR | Zbl

[7] Tatsien Li; Bopeng Rao Boundary synchronization for hyperbolic systems, Progress in Nonlinear Differential Equations and their Applications, 94, Birkhäuser/Springer, 2019, x+333 pages | DOI | MR | Zbl

[8] Tatsien Li; Bopeng Rao Uniqueness theorem for a coupled system of wave equations with incomplete internal observation and application to approximate controllability, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Volume 360 (2022), pp. 729-737 | MR | Numdam | Zbl

[9] Tatsien Li; Bopeng Rao Approximate internal controllability and synchronization of a coupled system of wave equations, ESAIM, Control Optim. Calc. Var., Volume 30 (2024), 1, 21 pages | DOI | MR | Zbl

[10] Jacques-Louis Lions Quelques méthodes de résolution des problèmes aux limites non linéaires, Études mathématiques, Dunod; Gauthier-Villars, 1969, xx+554 pages | MR | Zbl

[11] Amnon Pazy Semi-groups of linear operators and applications to partial differential equations, Lecture Notes – Dept. of Mathematics, 10, University of Maryland, 1974, iii+171 pages | MR

[12] Jacques Simon Compact sets in the space L p (0,T;B), Ann. Mat. Pura Appl., Volume 146 (1986), pp. 65-97 | Zbl | DOI | MR

[13] Chengxia Zu; Tatsien Li; Bopeng Rao Exact internal controllability and synchronization for a coupled system of wave equations, Chin. Ann. Math., Ser. B, Volume 44 (2023) no. 5, pp. 641-662 | DOI | MR | Zbl

Cited by Sources:

Comments - Policy