A review of in situ and/or time resolved neutron scattering

Olivier Isnard

doi:10.1016/j.crhy.2007.10.002

Neutron scattering/Diffusion de neutrons

A review of in situ and/or time resolved neutron scattering
[Une revue sur la diffusion des neutrons réalisée in situ et/ou résolue en temps]

Olivier Isnard ^1,^2,³

¹ Institut Néel, CNRS, Boîte F, BP 166, associé à l'Université J. Fourier, 38042 Grenoble cedex 9, France
² Institut Universitaire de France, Maison des Universités, 103, Boulevard Saint Michel, 75005 Paris cedex, France
³ Institut Laue–Langevin, 6 rue J. Horowitz, BP156, 38042 Grenoble cedex 9, France

Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 8 (2007) no. 7-8, pp. 789-805.

Résumé
Abstract

La forte pénétration des neutrons dans la matière permet d'effectuer des expériences in situ, dans des conditions réelles. Sur les sources à haut flux de neutrons, le développement d'instruments spécialisés, dédiés à ces études, rend possible des acquisitions très rapides. Ainsi, il est désormais possible d'effectuer non seulement des études in situ mais aussi résolues en temps afin d'étudier des processus physique ou chimique sur plusieurs échelles de temps s'étalant de quelques millisecondes à l'heure. De nombreux exemples récents seront présentés, pris dans divers domaines de recherche : physique, chimie, métallurgie, magnétisme, électrochimie, polymères et archéologie. Parmi le large éventail de techniques neutroniques qui peuvent être effectuées in situ ou en temps réels, nous présenterons ici des résultats de diffraction neutronique sur poudre, de diffusion des neutrons aux petits angles et de radiographie neutronique.

Thanks to the ability of neutrons to penetrate deep into matter, experiments can be performed in situ in real conditions. The development of dedicated instruments on high flux neutron sources also enables fast data acquisition. As a consequence, it is now possible to investigate not only in situ but also time resolved physical or chemical processes over several time scales ranging from hours to a few milliseconds. Several recent examples are taken in different fields of research: physics, magnetism, chemistry, metallurgy, electrochemistry, polymers and archeometry. Among the scattering techniques that can be used to perform in situ or time resolved experiments we present results of powder neutron diffraction, small angle neutron scattering, and neutron radiography.

Publié le : 2007-09-01

DOI : 10.1016/j.crhy.2007.10.002

Keywords: In situ studies, Powder neutron diffraction, Time resolved investigation, Small angle neutron scattering
Mot clés : Études in situ, Diffraction neutronique sur poudre, Expériences en temps réels, Diffusion des neutrons aux petits angles

Affiliations des auteurs :

Olivier Isnard ^{1, 2, 3}

¹ Institut Néel, CNRS, Boîte F, BP 166, associé à l'Université J. Fourier, 38042 Grenoble cedex 9, France
² Institut Universitaire de France, Maison des Universités, 103, Boulevard Saint Michel, 75005 Paris cedex, France
³ Institut Laue–Langevin, 6 rue J. Horowitz, BP156, 38042 Grenoble cedex 9, France

@article{CRPHYS_2007__8_7-8_789_0,
     author = {Olivier Isnard},
     title = {A review of in situ and/or time resolved neutron scattering},
     journal = {Comptes Rendus. Physique},
     pages = {789--805},
     publisher = {Elsevier},
     volume = {8},
     number = {7-8},
     year = {2007},
     doi = {10.1016/j.crhy.2007.10.002},
     language = {en},
}

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olivier Isnard
TI  - A review of in situ and/or time resolved neutron scattering
JO  - Comptes Rendus. Physique
PY  - 2007
SP  - 789
EP  - 805
VL  - 8
IS  - 7-8
PB  - Elsevier
DO  - 10.1016/j.crhy.2007.10.002
LA  - en
ID  - CRPHYS_2007__8_7-8_789_0
ER  -

%0 Journal Article
%A Olivier Isnard
%T A review of in situ and/or time resolved neutron scattering
%J Comptes Rendus. Physique
%D 2007
%P 789-805
%V 8
%N 7-8
%I Elsevier
%R 10.1016/j.crhy.2007.10.002
%G en
%F CRPHYS_2007__8_7-8_789_0

Olivier Isnard. A review of in situ and/or time resolved neutron scattering. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 8 (2007) no. 7-8, pp. 789-805. doi : 10.1016/j.crhy.2007.10.002. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/j.crhy.2007.10.002/

Bibliographie
Cité par

[1] J. Pannetier Chemica Scripta, 26 (1986), p. 131

[2] O. Isnard J. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater., 8 (2006), pp. 411-417

[3] O. Isnard J. de Phys. IV, 103 (2003), pp. 133-171

[4] M.C. Moron J. Mater. Chem., 10 (2000), pp. 2617-2626

[5] O. Isnard, Usefulness of neutron scattering investigation in materials science, J. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater. (2007), in press

[6] J. Pannetier Neutron and Synchrotron Radiation for Condensed Matter (J. Baruchel; J.L. Hodeau; M. Lehmann; J.R. Regnard; C. Schlenker, eds.), EDP-Sciences Publisher, 1993, p. 425

[7] P.J. Withers, C.R. Physique (2007); DOI:, in this issue | DOI

[8] J. de Phys. IV, 89 (2001), p. 1

[9] Yu.A. Izyumov; V.E. Naish; R.P. Ozerov Neutron Diffraction and Magnetic Materials, Plenum Publishing Corp., 1991

[10] O. Prokhnenko et al. Neutron diffraction studies of the magnetic phase transitions in Ce₂Fe₁₇ compound under pressure, J. Appl. Phys., Volume 92 (2002) no. 1, pp. 385-391

[11] O. Prokhnenko et al. Helimagnetic order in the re-entrant ferromagnet Ce₂Fe_15.3Mn_1.7, J. Appl. Phys., Volume 97 (2005) (113909-1 to 8)

[12] J.L. Soubeyroux; N. Claret Phys. A, 74 (2002), p. S1025

[13] J.L. Soubeyroux; J.M. Pelletier; R. Perrier de la Bâthie Physica B, 276–278 (2004), p. 905

[14] P. Gorria et al. Crystallisation and polymorphic transformations in Fe–Zr amorphous alloys obtained by high energy-ball milling, Physica B, Volume 350 (2004), p. e1075-e1077

[15] X. Chuang-Dong; M. de Boissieu; J.M. Dubois; J. Pannetier; C. Janot J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 8 (1989), pp. 827-830

[16] E. Chappel; M.D. Nunez-Regueiro; G. Chouteau; O. Isnard; C. Darie Eur. Phys. J. B, 17 (2000), pp. 615-622

[17] A.N. Christenesen; M.S. Lehmann; J. Pannetier J. Appl. Cryst., 18 (1985), pp. 170-172

[18] M. Castellote et al. Composition and microstructure changes of cement pastes upon heating as studied by neutron diffraction, Cement Concrete Res., Volume 34 (2004), pp. 1633-1644

[19] A.N. Christensen; T.R. Jesen; J.C. Hanson J. Sol. State Chem., 177 (2004), pp. 1944-1951

[20] J. Lyubina et al. Ordering of nanocrystalline Fe–Pt alloys studied by in situ powder neutron diffraction, J. Appl. Phys., Volume 100 (2006), p. 094308

[21] J. Lyubina et al. Influence of composition and order on the magnetism of Fe–Pt alloys: Neutron powder diffraction and theory, Appl. Phys. Lett., Volume 89 (2006), p. 032506

[22] O. Prokhnenko et al. Effect of pressure and Mn substitution on the magnetic ordering of Ce₂Fe_17−xMn_x, Appl. Phys. A, Volume 74 (2002), p. S610-S612

[23] E.M.L. Chung et al. Magnetic properties of tapiolite (FeTa₂O₆); a quasi two-dimensional (2D) antiferromagnet, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, Volume 16 (2004), pp. 7837-7852

[24] E.J. Kinast et al. Bicriticallity in Fe_xCo_1−xTa₂O₆, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 91 (2003) (197208-1)

[25] W.G. Williams; R.M. Ibberson; P. Day; J.E. Enderby Physica B, 241–243 (1998), pp. 234-236

[26] A.C. Hannon Nuclear Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 551 (2005), pp. 88-107

[27] S.H. Kilcoyne, P. Manuel, C. Ritter, P. Radaelli, in: ILL Millenium Symposium Proceedings, 2001, pp. 170–171

[28] S.H. Kilcoyne Physica B: Condens. Matter, 350 (2004), pp. 91-97

[29] P. Day et al. GEM: The General Materials diffractometer at ISIS—multibank capabilities for studying crystalline and disordered materials, Neutron News, Volume 15 (2004), pp. 19-23

[30] H. Fischer; A.C. Barns; P.S. Salmon Rep. Prog. Phys., 69 (2006), pp. 233-299

[31] O. Isnard et al. Neutron diffraction study of the structural and magnetic properties of the R₂Fe₁₇H_x ternary compounds (R = Ce, Nd, Ho), J. Less-Common Met., Volume 162 (1990), pp. 273-284

[32] O. Isnard et al. Neutron powder diffraction study of Pr₂Fe₁₇ and Pr₂Fe₁₇N₃, Phys. Rev. B, Volume 45 (1992), pp. 2920-2926

[33] D. Fruchart et al. R₂Fe₁₇ and RM₁₂ carbide and carbonitride synthesis from heavy hydrocarbon compounds, J. Alloys Comp., Volume 203 (1994), pp. 157-163

[34] O. Isnard et al. Neutron powder diffraction study of the desorption of deuterium in Nd₂Fe₁₇D_x=5, Physica B, Volume 180–181 (1992), pp. 629-631

[35] O. Isnard et al. Magnetic circular X-ray dichroism study of the Ce₂Fe₁₇H_x compounds, Phys. Rev. B, Volume 49 (1994), pp. 15692-15701

[36] E. Mamontov et al. Neutron scattering study of hydrogen dynamics in Pr₂Fe₁₇H₅, Phys. Rev. B, Volume 70 (2004), p. 214305

[37] T.J. Udovic et al. Neutron vibrational spectroscopy of the Pr₂Fe₁₇ based hydrides, J. Alloys Comp., Volume 446–447 (2007), pp. 504-507

[38] O. Isnard et al. Neutron powder diffraction study of the reaction of Nd₂Fe₁₇ compound with nitrogen gas, Physica B, Volume 180–181 (1992), pp. 624-626

[39] Ph. Oleinek et al. In situ neutron diffraction study of the reaction of the compounds NdFe_10.75V_1.25 and NdFe₁₁Ti with nitrogen, J. Alloys Comp., Volume 298 (2000), pp. 220-225

[40] B. Tolla et al. Structural investigation of oxygen insertion within the Ce₂Sn₂O₇ and Ce₂Sn₂O₈ pyrochlore solid solution by means of in situ neutron diffraction experiments, J. Mater. Chem., Volume 12 (1999), pp. 3131-3136

[41] J. Rodriguez-Carvajal et al. The chemistry of YBa₂Cu₃O₇: a neutron powder thermodiffractometry study, Physica C, Volume 153–155 (1988), pp. 1671-1672

[42] M. Latroche et al. In situ neutron diffraction study of deuterium absorption in AB₅ alloys used as negative electrode materials for Ni-MH battery, Physica B, Volume 350 (2004), p. E427-E430

[43] L. Schlapbach, Hydrogen in intermetallic compounds I, Topics in Applied Physics serie 63, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1988, p. 350

[44] L. Schlapbach, Hydrogen in intermetallic compounds II, Topics in Applied Physics serie 67, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1992, p. 328

[45] M. Latroche; A. Percheron-Guegan; Y. Chabre J. Alloys Comp., 293–295 (1999), p. 637

[46] M. Latroche et al. Influence of stoichiometry and composition on the structural and electrochemical properties of AB_5+y-based alloys used as negative electrode materials in Ni-MH batteries, J. Alloys Comp., Volume 330–332 (2002), pp. 787-791

[47] S. Vivet et al. Influence of composition on phase occurrence during charge process of AB_5+x Ni-MH negative electrode materials, Physica B, Volume 362 (2005), pp. 199-207

[48] F. Cuevas et al. In situ neutron diffraction study of deuterium desorption from LaNi_5+x ( $x \sim 1$ ) alloy, Appl. Phys. A, Volume 74 (2002), p. S175-S177

[49] F. Bardé et al. In situ neutron powder diffraction of a nickel hydroxide electrode, Chem. Mater., Volume 16 (2004), pp. 3936-3948

[50] Y. Chabre Chemical physics of intercalation II, NATO Series B, Volume 305 (1993), pp. 181-192

[51] Y. Chabre; J. Pannetier Progress Solid State Chem., 23 (1995), pp. 1-130

[52] M. Rippert; J. Pannetier; Y. Chabre; C. Poinsignon Mat. Res. Soc. Proc., 210 (1991), pp. 359-365

[53] R.N. Vannier et al. Bi₄V₂O₁₁ polymorph crystal structures related to their electrical properties, Solid State Ionics, Volume 157 (2003), pp. 147-153

[54] E. Capoen et al. Time resolved in situ neutron diffraction investigation of the oxygen transfer in BIMEVOX membrane under operating conditions, Solid State Ionics, Volume 175 (2004), pp. 419-424

[55] V. Gerold; G. Kostorz J. Appl. Cryst., 11 (1978), pp. 376-404

[56] J. de Phys. IV, 60 (1999)

[57] R. Lund et al. Equilibrium exchange kinetics in PEP-PEO block copolymer micelles. A time resolved SANS study, Physica B, Volume 385–386 (2006), pp. 735-737

[58] P. Damay; F. Leclercq; P. Chieux A critical crossover in metal–ammonia solutions (Na–ND₃) as observed by small angle neutron scattering, J. Phys. Chem., Volume 88 (1984), pp. 3734-3740

[59] J.N. Clark; M.L. Fernandez; P.E. Tomlins; J.S. Higgins Macromolecules, 26 (1993), pp. 5897-5907

[60] J.N. Clark; J.S. Higgins; C.K. Kim; D.R. Paul Polymer, 33 (1992), pp. 3137-3144

[61] D. Bellet; A. Royer; P. Bastie; J. Lajzerovicz; J.F. Legrand In situ small angle neutron scattering study of $γ^{'}$ precipitates in AM1 supermalloy single crystals (S.D. Antolovich et al., eds.), Supermalloy, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 1992, pp. 547-553

[62] M. Véron; P. Bastie Acta Mater., 45 (1997), p. 3277

[63] A. Royer; P. Bastie; D. Bellet; B. Hennion Rev. Metal. Paris, 93 (1996), p. 2

[64] U. Cihak et al. Characterization of residual stresses in turbine discs by neutron and high-energy X-ray diffraction and comparison to finite element modelling, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, Volume 437 (2006), pp. 75-82

[65] C. Pujolle-Robic; L. Noirez Nature, 409 (2001), pp. 167-170

[66] L. Noirez Phys. Rev. Lett., 84 (2000), pp. 2164-2167

[67] M.H. Li et al. Observation of hairpin defects in a nematic main chain polyester, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 70 (1993), pp. 2297-2300

[68] M.H. Li et al. Study of the chain conformation of thermotropic nematic main chain polyesters, J. Phys. II France (1994), pp. 1843-1863

[69] Practical Neutron Radiography (J.C. Domanus, ed.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1992

[70] G. Bayon J. de Phys. IV, 130 (2005), pp. 231-241

[71] M. Dierick et al. High-speed neutron tomography of dynamic processes, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, Volume 542 (2005), pp. 296-301

[72] B. Schillinger; E.H. Lehmann Neutrons News, 17 (2006), pp. 19-21

[73] M. Lanz et al. In situ neutron radiography of lithium-ion batteries during charge/discharge cycling, J. Power Sources, Volume 101 (2001), pp. 177-181

[74] D. Goers et al. In situ neutron radiography of lithium-ion batteries: the gas evolution on graphite electrodes during the charging, J. Power Sources, Volume 130 (2004), pp. 221-226

[75] B. Schillinger; J. Brunner; E. Calzada Physica B, 385–386 (2006), pp. 921-923

[76] A. Khale; B. Winkler; B. Hennion J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., 112 (2003), pp. 203-215

[77] B. Winkler et al. Neutron imaging and neutron tomography as non destructive tools to study bulk rock samples, Europ. J. Mineralogy, Volume 14 (2002), pp. 349-354

[78] E.H. Lehmann Neutrons News, 17 (2006), pp. 22-29

[79] E. Deschler-Erb; E.H. Lemann; M. Soares Alt heydnisch Bildein von Ertz, Archeologie der Schweitz, Volume 27 (2004), p. 3

[80] P. Martinetto et al. Molecular and Structural Archeology: Cosmetic and Therapeutic Chemical (G. Tsoucaris; J. Lipkowski, eds.), NATO Series, vol. 117, Kluwer Academic Press Publisher, 2003, p. 107

[81] W. Kockelmann Applications of TOF neutron diffraction in archaeometry, Appl. Phys. A: Mater. Sci. Process., Volume 83 (2006), pp. 175-182

[82] G. Artioli, et al., Early copper alpine metallurgy, in: Proceedings of the International Conference on Archeometallurgy in Europe, 2003

[83] G. Artioli et al. www.ill.fr (Institut Laue–Langevin experimental report)

[84] G. Artioli et al. Crystallographic texture analysis of the iceman and coeval copper axes by non invasive neutron powder diffraction (A. Fleckinger, ed.), Die Gletschermumie aus der Kupferzeit 2, Schriften des Südtiroler Archeologiemuseums and Südtiroler Archeologiemuseum, Folio Verlag, Bozen/Wien, 2003 (ISBN: 3-85256-249-X/88-86857-41-1)

[85] M. Impéror-Clerc et al. Initial steps of the formation of SBA-15 materials: an in situ small angle neutron scattering investigation, Chem. Comm. (2007), pp. 834-836

[86] I. Grillo J. Phys. IV France, 130 (2005), p. 75

[87] I. Grillo; E.I. Kats; A.R. Muratov Langmuir, 19 (2003), pp. 4513-4581

[88] F. Né et al. How does ZrO₂/surfactant mesophase nucleate? Formation mechanism, Langmuir, Volume 19 (2003), pp. 8503-8510

[89] E. Wu; D.P. Riley; E.H. Kisi; R.I. Smith Reaction kinetics in Ti₃SiC₂ synthesis studied by time resolved neutron diffraction, J. Europ. Ceram. Soc., Volume 25 (2005), pp. 3503-3508

[90] D.P. Riley; E.H. Kisi; T.C. Hansen; A.W. Hewat Self-propagating high temperature synthesis of Ti₃SiC₂: Ultra high speed neutron diffraction study of the reaction mechanism, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., Volume 85 (2002), pp. 2417-2424

[91] E. Wu; E.H. Kisi; S.J. Kennedy; A.J. Studer In situ neutron diffraction study of Ti₃SiC₂ synthesis, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., Volume 84 (2001), pp. 2281-2288

[92] E. Wu; E.H. Kisi; S.J. Kennedy; R.I. Smith Intermediate phases in Ti₃SiC₂ synthesis from Ti/SiC mixtures studied by time-resolved neutron diffraction, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., Volume 85 (2002), pp. 3084-3086

[93] J. Wong et al. Time resolved diffraction study of solid combustions reactions using synchrotron reaction, Science, Volume 249 (1990), p. 1406

[94] C. Curfs TiC–NiAl composites obtained by SHS: a time resolved XRD study, J. Europ. Ceram. Soc., Volume 22 (2006), pp. 1039-1044

[95] L. Contreras et al. Time resolved XRD study if TiC–TiB₂ composites obtained by SHS, Acta Mater., Volume 37 (2004), pp. 4783-4790

[96] A.W. Hewat, H.E. Fischer, B. Guerard, M. Thomas, Dracula and the H12 tube renewal, project in preparation

[97] H.E. Fischer, A.W. Hewat, DRACULA internal report, Institut Laue–Langevin, September 2006

[98] G. Eckold Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A, 238 (1990), pp. 221-230

[99] G. Eckold J. Phys. Condens. Matter, 13 (2001), pp. 217-220

[100] A. Ringe; P. Elter; H. Gibhardt; G. Eckold Sol. State Ionics, 177 (2006), pp. 2473-2479

[101] U. Steigenberger; G. Eckold; M. Hagen Physica B, 213–214 (1995), pp. 1012-1016

[102] U. Steigenberger; G. Eckold; M. Hagen Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B, 93 (1994), pp. 316-321

[103] O. Waldmann et al. Magnetic relaxation studies on single-molecule magnet by time-resolved inelastic scattering, Appl. Phys. Lett., Volume 88 (2006), p. 042507

Cité par Sources :

Commentaires - Politique