Comptes Rendus
Physique de la matière en grains/Physics of granular media
Evolution and shapes of dunes
[Evolution et formes des dunes]
Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 3 (2002) no. 2, pp. 197-206.

Les mouvements des dunes et leur morphologie est un sujet fascinant et peu exploré. Déjà la barchane, la dune mobile la plus simple, pose des nombreuses questions. Je présente quelques résultats des mesures sur les terrains pour des dunes côtières et désertiques. Ensuite je présenterai un modèle consistant de trois équations de mouvement couplées, une pour la topographie, une pour la force de cisaillement du vent et la troisième pour l'écoulement de sable à la surface. Ces équations sont validées auprès des données expérimentales et des perspectives nouvelles pour la simulation des dunes sont présentées.

The motion of dunes and their morphology is a fascinating, largely unexplored subject. Already the barchan, the simplest moving dune, poses many questions. I will present some results of field-measurements on desert and coastal dunes. Then I will present a model which consists of three coupled equations of motion for the topography, the shear stress of the wind and the sand flux. These evolution equations are verified on the experimental data and new possibilities of simulations of dunes are put in perspective.

Reçu le :
Accepté le :
Publié le :
DOI : 10.1016/S1631-0705(02)01311-7
Keywords: dunes, saltation, field measurements, modelization
Mot clés : dunes, saltation, field measurements, modelization

Hans J. Herrmann 1, 2

1 ESPCI, PMMH, 10, rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris, France
2 Institute for Computer Applications 1, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 27, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
@article{CRPHYS_2002__3_2_197_0,
     author = {Hans J. Herrmann},
     title = {Evolution and shapes of dunes},
     journal = {Comptes Rendus. Physique},
     pages = {197--206},
     publisher = {Elsevier},
     volume = {3},
     number = {2},
     year = {2002},
     doi = {10.1016/S1631-0705(02)01311-7},
     language = {en},
}
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hans J. Herrmann
TI  - Evolution and shapes of dunes
JO  - Comptes Rendus. Physique
PY  - 2002
SP  - 197
EP  - 206
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
PB  - Elsevier
DO  - 10.1016/S1631-0705(02)01311-7
LA  - en
ID  - CRPHYS_2002__3_2_197_0
ER  - 
%0 Journal Article
%A Hans J. Herrmann
%T Evolution and shapes of dunes
%J Comptes Rendus. Physique
%D 2002
%P 197-206
%V 3
%N 2
%I Elsevier
%R 10.1016/S1631-0705(02)01311-7
%G en
%F CRPHYS_2002__3_2_197_0
Hans J. Herrmann. Evolution and shapes of dunes. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 3 (2002) no. 2, pp. 197-206. doi : 10.1016/S1631-0705(02)01311-7. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/S1631-0705(02)01311-7/

[1] R.A. Bagnold The Physics of Blown Sand and Desert Dunes, Methuen, London, 1941

[2] K. Pye; H. Tsoar Aeolian Sand and Sand Dunes, Unwin Hyman, London, 1990

[3] N. Lancaster Geomorphology of Desert Dunes, Routledge, London, 1995

[4] H.J. Finkel The Barchans of Southern Peru, J. Geol., Volume 67 (1959), pp. 614-647

[5] S. Hastenrath The Barchans of the Arequipa Region, Southern Peru, 1967

[6] S. Hastenrath The barchan dunes of Southern Peru revisited, Z. Geomorph., Volume 31 (1987) no. 2, pp. 167-178

[7] K. Lettau; H. Lettau Bulk transport of sand by the barchans of the Pampa de La Joya in Southern Peru, Z. Geomorph. NF, Volume 13 (1969) no. 2, pp. 182-195

[8] M.C. Slattery Barchan migration on the Kuiseb river delta, Namibia, South African Geogr. J., Volume 72 (1990), pp. 5-10

[9] T. Oulehri, Étude géodynamique des migrations de sables éoliens dans la région de Laâyoune (Nord du Sahara marocain), PhD thesis, l'Université Paris 6, no. 92-12, Paris, 1992

[10] P.A. Hesp; K. Hastings Width, Height and slope relationships and aerodynamic maintenance of barchans, Geomorphology, Volume 22 (1998), pp. 193-204

[11] G.F.S. Wiggs; I. Livingstone; A. Warren The role of streamline curvature in sand dune dynamics: evidence from field and wind tunnel measurements, Geomorphology, Volume 17 (1996), pp. 29-46

[12] F.K. Wippermann; G. Gross The wind-induced shaping and migration of an isolated dune: A numerical experiment, Bound. Layer Meteor., Volume 36 (1986), pp. 319-334

[13] A.D. Howard; J.B. Morton Sand transport model of barchan dune equilibrium, Sedimentology, Volume 25 (1978), pp. 307-338

[14] G. Sauermann; P. Rognon; A. Poliakov; H.J. Herrmann The shape of the barchan dunes of Southern Morocco, Geomorphology, Volume 36 (2001), pp. 47-62

[15] A. Coursin Observations et expériences faites en avril et mai 1956 sur les barkhans du Souehel el Abiodh (région est de Port-Étienne), Bull. IFAN, Volume 22A (1964) no. 3, pp. 989-1022

[16] M. Sarnthein; E. Walger Der äolische Sandstrom aus der W-Sahara zur Atlantikküste, Geolog. Rund., Volume 63 (1974), pp. 1065-1087

[17] G. Sauermann; L.P. Andrade; J.S. Maia; U.M.S. Costa; A.D. Araújo; H.J. Herrmann Wind Velocity and Sand Transport on a Barchan Dune, 2001

[18] O. Landau; O. Lifshitz, Fluid Mechanics, Course of Theoretical Physics, 6, Pergamon Press, London, 1963

[19] J.C.R. Hunt; S. Leibovich; K.J. Richards Turbulent wind flow over smooth hills, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., Volume 114 (1988), pp. 1435-1470

[20] P.S. Jackson; J.C.R. Hunt Turbulent wind flow over a low hill, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., Volume 101 (1975), p. 929

[21] W.S. Weng; J.C.R. Hunt; D.J. Carruthers; A. Warren; G.F.S. Wiggs; I. Livingstone; I. Castro An experimental study of Froud number effect on wind-tunnel saltation, Acta Mech. Supl., Volume 1 (1991), pp. 145-157

[22] K. Kroy; G. Sauermann; H.J. Herrmann A minimal model for sand dunes, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 88 (2002), p. 054301

[23] D.J. Carruthers; J.C.R. Hunt Fluid Mechanics of Airflow over Hills: Turbulence, Fluxes, and Waves in the Boundary Layer, Amer. Meteorol. Society, 23, 1990 (Chapter, Atmospheric Processes over Complex Terrain)

[24] O. Zeman, N.O. Jensen, Progress report on modeling permanent form sand dunes, Risø National Laboratory, M-2738, 1988

[25] R.A. Bagnold The movement of desert sand, Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A, Volume 157 (1936), pp. 594-620

[26] P.R. Owen Saltation of uniformed sand grains in air, J. Fluid. Mech., Volume 20 (1964), pp. 225-242

[27] M. Sørensen An analytic model of wind-blown sand transport, Acta Mech. (Suppl.), Volume 1 (1991), pp. 67-81

[28] N. Lancaster; W.G. Nickling; C.K. McKenna Neumann; V.E. Wyatt Sediment flux and airflow on the stoss slope of a barchan dune, Geomorphology, Volume 17 (1996), pp. 55-62

[29] G.R. Butterfield Sand transport response to fluctuating wind velocity (N.J. Clifford; J.R. French; J. Hardisty, eds.), Turbulence: Perspectives on Flow and Sediment Transport, Wiley, 1993, pp. 305-335 (Chapter 13)

[30] P.M. van Dijk; S.M. Arens; J.H. van Boxel Aeolian processes across transverse dunes ii: Modelling the sediment transport and profile development, Earth Surf. Process. Landforms, Volume 24 (1999), pp. 319-333

[31] S.Anderson Robert; K.Haff Peter Simulation of eolian saltation, Science, Volume 241 (1988), p. 820

[32] R.S. Anderson Wind modification and bed response during saltation of sand in air, Acta Mech. (Suppl.), Volume 1 (1991), pp. 21-51

[33] I.K. McEwan; B.B. Willetts Numerical model of the saltation cloud, Acta Mech. (Suppl.), Volume 1 (1991), pp. 53-66

[34] G. Sauermann; K. Kroy; H.J. Herrmann A phenomenological dynamic saltation model for dune formation, Phys. Rev. E, Volume 64 (2001), p. 31305

[35] G. Sauermann, Modeling of wind blown sand and desert dunes, PhD thesis, Universität Stuttgart, 2001

[36] B.R. White; H. Mounla An experimental study of Froud number effect on wind-tunnel saltation, Acta Mech. Suppl., Volume 1 (1991), pp. 145-157

Cité par Sources :

Commentaires - Politique