Glass

Glass, neither liquid nor solid, shares the properties of both of these states, in a frozen disorder sometimes still difficult to understand. Corresponding to the fourth state of matter according to a proposal by Park and Huffman in 1926, it still poses many questions to scientists while accompanying us in our daily lives for over 10,000 years. First used in its natural form, obsidian, as a tool since the Neolithic period, its elaboration developed about 5,000 years ago between Mesopotamia and Egypt for aesthetic purposes: glass beads and other jewels probably allowed our distant ancestors to lift their spirits.

Glass then contributed greatly to the improvement of our living conditions, both for the packaging of food (facilitating its preservation and transportation) and for the realization of the first electric light bulbs, allowing millions of schoolchildren to stop studying by candlelight!

This material, one of the most important, versatile and transformative in history, is today a fundamental element in many fields, and also has an infinite capacity to be recycled. Glass as a material thus represents a major asset to meet many technical and industrial challenges, some of which are closely linked to the energy transition:

textile fiber used for car shells as well as for the construction of wind turbines;
display panels, photovoltaic panels, screens, and ultra-fine glass sensors;
optical fibers carrying information and energy;
glazing and insulation;
inerting of waste;
storage of large quantities of energy by means of glass batteries;
etc.

Glass is also a major asset in healthcare, in the form of bioactive glass, sensors, dental or bone implants, and other pharmaceutical applications to repair and rebuild humans.

Glasses are usually formed by rapid cooling of a liquid, but it is possible to make an almost infinite number of glasses, with all the elements of the periodic table and whatever the chemical bonds. So glass is not just the material we use in our daily lives, but rather a disordered state of matter.

This collection of articles published in several different series of the Comptes Rendus aims to make the reader discover that glass corresponds to a state of matter and is a multifaceted material. The variety of disciplines involved echoes this versatility.

Daniel R. Neuville, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris

	Glass as a biomaterial: strategies for optimising bioactive glasses for clinical applications Brauer, Delia S.; Hupa, Leena Comptes Rendus. Géoscience, Volume 354 (2022) no. S1, pp. 185-197
	Structure from glass to melt: a case study along the MgSiO 3 –CaSiO 3 join using neutron and X-ray diffraction Cormier, Laurent; Hennet, Louis; Lelong, Gerald; Cuello, Gabriel J.; Bytchkov, Alexei Comptes Rendus. Géoscience, Volume 354 (2022) no. S1, pp. 15-34
	Insights from the quantitative calibration of an elasto-plastic model from a Lennard-Jones atomic glass Fernández Castellanos, David; Roux, Stéphane; Patinet, Sylvain Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 22 (2021) no. S3, pp. 135-162
	The rose of the Sainte-Chapelle in Paris: sophisticated stained glasses for late medieval painters Hunault, Myrtille Odile Jacqueline Yvonne; Bauchau, Fanny; Boulanger, Karine; Hérold, Michel; Calas, Georges; Lemasson, Quentin; Pacheco, Claire; Loisel, Claudine Comptes Rendus. Géoscience, Volume 354 (2022) no. S1, pp. 101-120
	Vitrification of wastes: from unwanted to controlled crystallization, a review McCloy, John S.; Schuller, Sophie Comptes Rendus. Géoscience, Volume 354 (2022) no. S1, pp. 121-160
	Redox behavior of degassing magmas: critical review and comparison of glass-based oxybarometers with application to Etna volcano Moretti, Roberto Comptes Rendus. Géoscience, Volume 354 (2022) no. S1, pp. 249-279
	Water solution mechanism in calcium aluminosilicate glasses and melts: insights from in and ex situ Raman and 29 Si NMR spectroscopy Le Losq, Charles; Mysen, Bjorn O.; Cody, George D. Comptes Rendus. Géoscience, Volume 354 (2022) no. S1, pp. 199-225
	Sourcing obsidian from Tell Aswad and Qdeir 1 (Syria) by SEM-EDS and EDXRF: Methodological implications Orange, Marie; Carter, Tristan; Le Bourdonnec, François-Xavier Comptes Rendus Palevol, Volume 12 (2013) no. 3, pp. 173-180
	Blade production and the consumption of obsidian in Stentinello period Neolithic Sicily Freund, Kyle P.; Tykot, Robert H.; Vianello, A. Comptes Rendus Palevol, Volume 14 (2015) no. 3, pp. 207-217
	Relation between mechanical response of reinforced elastomers and dynamics of confined polymer chains Montes, Helene; Lequeux, Francois Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 22 (2022) no. S5, pp. 33-50
	The photocatalytic degradation of a binary textile dyes mixture within a new configuration of loop reactor using ZnO thin film-phytotoxicity control Cherif, Sonia; Bonnet, Pierre; Frezet, Lawrence; Kane, Abdoulaye; Assadi, Aymen Amine; Trari, Mohamed; Yazid, Hynda; Djelal, Hayet Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 25 (2022) no. S3, pp. 261-279
	Challenges and opportunities in atomistic simulations of glasses: a review Liu, Han; Zhao, Zhangji; Zhou, Qi; Chen, Ruoxia; Yang, Kai; Wang, Zhe; Tang, Longwen; Bauchy, Mathieu Comptes Rendus. Géoscience, Volume 354 (2022) no. S1, pp. 35-77
	Thio and selenosilicates, sulfide and selenide counterparts of silicates: similarities and differences Pradel, Annie; Piarristeguy, Andrea Comptes Rendus. Géoscience, Volume 354 (2022) no. S1, pp. 79-99
	Distributed fiber optics strain sensors: from long to short distance Blanc, Wilfried; Schenato, Luca; Molardi, Carlo; Palmieri, Luca; Galtarossa, Andrea; Tosi, Daniele Comptes Rendus. Géoscience, Volume 354 (2022) no. S1, pp. 161-183
	Rheological changes in melts and magmas induced by crystallization and strain rate Vetere, Francesco; Iezzi, Gianluca; Perugini, Diego; Holtz, Francois Comptes Rendus. Géoscience, Volume 354 (2022) no. S1, pp. 227-248
	Toward glasses with better indentation cracking resistance Rouxel, Tanguy; Sellappan, Pathikumar; Célarié, Fabrice; Houizot, Patrick; Sanglebœuf, Jean-Christophe Comptes Rendus. Mécanique, Volume 342 (2013) no. 1, pp. 46-51
	Toward glasses with better indentation cracking resistance Rouxel, Tanguy; Sellappan, Pathikumar; Célarié, Fabrice; Houizot, Patrick; Sanglebœuf, Jean-Christophe Comptes Rendus. Mécanique, Volume 342 (2013) no. 1, pp. 46-51
	Elastic properties of glasses: a multiscale approach Rouxel, Tanguy Comptes Rendus. Mécanique, Volume 334 (2006) no. 12, pp. 743-753
	Chalcogenide glasses and glass-ceramics: Transparent materials in the infrared for dual applications Calvez, Laurent Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 18 (2017) no. 5-6, pp. 314-322
	Dynamics of cracks in disordered materials Bonamy, Daniel Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 18 (2017) no. 5-6, pp. 297-313
	L’importance des phénomènes d’oxydo-réduction dans le verre Chopinet, Marie-Hélène; Lizarazu, Dominica; Rocanière, Cécile Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 939-949
	Compositional effects and spectroscopy of rare earths (Er3+, Tm3+, and Nd3+) in tellurite glasses Shen, Shaoxiong; Jha, Animesh; Zhang, Edward; Wilson, Steve J. Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 921-938
	Scandium fluorophosphate glasses: a structural approach Nalin, Marcelo; Ribeiro, Sidney José Lima; Messaddeq, Younés; Schneider, José; Donoso, Pedro Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 915-920
	Infrared glass fibers for in-situ sensing, chemical and biochemical reactions Le Coq, David; Michel, Karine; Keirsse, Julie; Boussard-Plédel, Catherine; Fonteneau, Gilles; Bureau, Bruno; Le Quéré, Jean-Michel; Sire, Olivier; Lucas, Jacques Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 907-913
	Preparation of zinc sodium polyphosphates glasses from coacervates precursors. Characterisation of the obtained glasses, and their applications Willot, Grégoire; Gomez, François; Vast, Pierre; Andries, Véronique; Martines, Marco; Messaddeq, Younes; Poulain, Marcel Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 899-906
	Frequency upconversion in rare-earth doped fluoroindate glasses de Araújo, Cid B.; Maciel, Glauco S.; Menezes, Leonardo de S.; Rakov, Nikifor; Falcão-Filho, Edilson L.; Jerez, Vladimir A.; Messaddeq, Younes Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 885-898
	Applications of chalcogenide glass optical fibers Sanghera, Jas S.; Shaw, L.Brandon; Aggarwal, Ishwar D. Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 873-883
	Clustering of rare earths in GeAs sulfide glass Aitken, Bruce G.; Ponader, Carl W.; Quimby, Richard S. Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 865-872
	From gel to glass Phalippou, Jean Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 855-863
	Rare-earth-doped transparent glass ceramics Clara Gonçalves, M.; Santos, Luís F.; Almeida, Rui M. Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 845-854
	Structure–property relationships in multicomponent oxide glasses Calas, Georges; Cormier, Laurent; Galoisy, Laurence; Jollivet, Patrick Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 831-843
	Network entropy and connectivity: the underlying factors determining compositional trends in the glass-transition temperature Micoulaut, Matthieu Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 825-830
	Rare-earth-doped glasses for fiber amplifiers in broadband telecommunication Tanabe, Setsuhisa Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 815-824
	Compositional effects and spectroscopy of rare earths (Er3+, Tm3+, and Nd3+) in tellurite glasses Shen, Shaoxiong; Jha, Animesh; Zhang, Edward; Wilson, Steve J. Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 921-938
	Scandium fluorophosphate glasses: a structural approach Nalin, Marcelo; Ribeiro, Sidney José Lima; Messaddeq, Younés; Schneider, José; Donoso, Pedro Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 915-920
	Infrared glass fibers for in-situ sensing, chemical and biochemical reactions Le Coq, David; Michel, Karine; Keirsse, Julie; Boussard-Plédel, Catherine; Fonteneau, Gilles; Bureau, Bruno; Le Quéré, Jean-Michel; Sire, Olivier; Lucas, Jacques Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 907-913
	Preparation of zinc sodium polyphosphates glasses from coacervates precursors. Characterisation of the obtained glasses, and their applications Willot, Grégoire; Gomez, François; Vast, Pierre; Andries, Véronique; Martines, Marco; Messaddeq, Younes; Poulain, Marcel Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 899-906
	Frequency upconversion in rare-earth doped fluoroindate glasses de Araújo, Cid B.; Maciel, Glauco S.; Menezes, Leonardo de S.; Rakov, Nikifor; Falcão-Filho, Edilson L.; Jerez, Vladimir A.; Messaddeq, Younes Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 885-898
	Applications of chalcogenide glass optical fibers Sanghera, Jas S.; Shaw, L.Brandon; Aggarwal, Ishwar D. Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 873-883
	Clustering of rare earths in GeAs sulfide glass Aitken, Bruce G.; Ponader, Carl W.; Quimby, Richard S. Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 865-872
	From gel to glass Phalippou, Jean Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 855-863
	Rare-earth-doped transparent glass ceramics Clara Gonçalves, M.; Santos, Luís F.; Almeida, Rui M. Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 845-854
	Structure–property relationships in multicomponent oxide glasses Calas, Georges; Cormier, Laurent; Galoisy, Laurence; Jollivet, Patrick Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 831-843
	Network entropy and connectivity: the underlying factors determining compositional trends in the glass-transition temperature Micoulaut, Matthieu Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 825-830
	Rare-earth-doped glasses for fiber amplifiers in broadband telecommunication Tanabe, Setsuhisa Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 12, pp. 815-824
	Photoinduced fluidity in chalcogenide glasses Tanaka, Keiji Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 11, pp. 805-811
	Solvent properties of glass melts: resemblance to aqueous solutions Duffy, John A.; Ingram, Malcolm D. Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 11, pp. 797-804
	Novel structural behaviour of iron in alkali–alkaline-earth–silica glasses Bingham, Paul A.; Parker, John M.; Searle, Tim; Williams, John M.; Smith, Ian Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 11, pp. 787-796
	Glass sintering with concurrent crystallization Prado, Miguel Oscar; Zanotto, Edgar Dutra Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 11, pp. 773-786
	Crystal growth and classical nucleation theory Weinberg, Michael C.; Poisl, W.Howard; Granasy, Laszlo Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 11, pp. 765-771
	Tin ions in float glass cause anomalies Frischat, Günther Heinz Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 11, pp. 759-763
	Structure and properties of glasses in the system Li2O–SnO–B2O3 Hayashi, Akitoshi; Nakai, Miyuki; Tatsumisago, Masahiro; Minami, Tsutomu Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 11, pp. 751-757
	1.3-μm-emission properties and local structure of Dy3+ in chalcohalide glasses Heo, Jong Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 11, pp. 739-749
	Alkali and alkali–lead oxynitride phosphate glasses: a comparative structural study by NMR and XPS Muñoz, Francisco; Pascual, Luis; Durán, Alicia; Rocherullé, Jean; Marchand, Roger Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 11, pp. 731-738
	Spectral migration of excitation energy among Nd3+ ions in fluoroarsenate glasses Balda, Rolindes; Lacha, Luis Maria; Arriandiaga, Maria Angeles; Fernández, Joaquin; Adam, Jean-Luc Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 11, pp. 725-729
	Nanoscale phase separation effects near 𝑟 ¯=2.4 and 2.67, and rigidity transitions in chalcogenide glasses Boolchand, Punit; Georgiev, Daniel G.; Qu, Tao; Wang, Fei; Cai, Liuchun; Chakravarty, Swapnajit Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 11, pp. 713-724
	Optical properties and redox state of silicate glass melts Faber, Anne Jans Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 11, pp. 705-712
	A survey of transition-metal-containing phosphate glasses Mercier, Cyrille; Palavit, Gérard; Montagne, Lionel; Follet-Houttemane, Claudine Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 11, pp. 693-703
	UV-absorption and radiation effects in different glasses doped with iron and tin in the ppm range Ehrt, Doris Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 11, pp. 679-692
	Vapour-phase deposition of multicomponent fluoride glasses Boulard, Brigitte; Gao, Youping Comptes Rendus. Chimie, Volume 5 (2002) no. 11, pp. 675-678