L’optique adaptative, installée sur tous les très grands télescopes astronomiques, permet de s’affranchir des limitations imposées par les perturbations de la turbulence atmosphérique. Cet article présente l’état de l’art du domaine pour les applications astronomiques et comment l’optique adaptative a révolutionné l’observation astronomique depuis le sol ces vingt dernières années en relevant d’innombrables défis scientifiques et techniques. Nous présentons enfin comment le concept va être appliqué, à l’horizon 2030 sur les futurs télescopes géants afin de répondre à certaines des questions les plus fondamentales de l’astronomie concernant la naissance de l’univers ou l’existence de la vie hors du système solaire.
Adaptive optics (AO), now installed on all the astronomical ground-based telescopes, make it possible to overcome the angular resolution limitations imposed by atmospheric turbulence. This article presents the state-of-the-art in the field of astronomical applications, and shows how adaptive optics has revolutionized ground-based astronomical observation over the last twenty years, overcoming countless scientific and technical challenges. Finally, we present how the concept will be applied, by 2030, on future giant telescopes to answer some of astronomy’s most fundamental questions concerning the birth of the universe or the existence of life outside the solar system.
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Keywords: Astronomy, Telescope, Turbulence, Adaptive optics, Wave-front sensing
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@article{CRMECA_2023__351_S4_81_0,
author = {Thierry Fusco},
title = {Optique adaptative et telescopes geants},
journal = {Comptes Rendus. M\'ecanique},
pages = {81--89},
publisher = {Acad\'emie des sciences, Paris},
volume = {351},
number = {S4},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.5802/crmeca.218},
language = {fr},
}
Thierry Fusco. Optique adaptative et telescopes geants. Comptes Rendus. Mécanique, Volume 351 (2023) no. S4, pp. 81-89. doi : 10.5802/crmeca.218. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/mecanique/articles/10.5802/crmeca.218/
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Cité par Sources :
Commentaires - Politique
Gérard Rousset; Thierry Fusco
C. R. Phys (2022)
Les effets optiques de la turbulence atmosphérique dans les images astronomiques
Daniel Bonneau
C. R. Phys (2022)