From growing bubbles and dendrites to biological forms

Vincent Hakim

doi:10.5802/crmeca.23

Morphogenesis, elasticity

From growing bubbles and dendrites to biological forms

Vincent Hakim ¹

¹ Laboratoire de Physique de l’Ecole normale supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75005 Paris, France

Comptes Rendus. Mécanique, Volume 348 (2020) no. 6-7, pp. 627-636.

Résumé
Abstract

Ce court texte est dédié à la mémoire d’Yves Couder. Nous commençons par décrire brièvement comment quelques expériences qu’il a menées ont mis en évidence des mécanismes fondamentaux à l’oeuvre dans la croissance de digitations visqueuses en mécanique des fluides et, de dendrites cristallines en solidification. Nous rappelons ensuite l’analogie qu’il a soulignée entre les formes des veines sur les feuilles végétales et celles des fractures apparaissant à la surface de gels se desséchant, et comment ces expériences, et d’autres qu’il a conduites, ont souligné le rôle important des forces mécaniques dans le développement biologique. Nous concluons sur l’importance, récemment appréciée, du phénomène de séparation de phase, que les contributions d’Yves ont permis de mieux comprendre, pour l’existence d’organelles intracellulaires sans membrane.

We first describe how some ingenious experiments performed by Yves Couder illuminated the physics of viscous fingering and dendritic growth in solidification. We then recall the analogy he stressed between leaf venation and fractures in drying gels and how this and other results obtained by Yves, greatly contributed to highlight the role of mechanical forces in biological development. Finally, we briefly describe the recently appreciated role of phase separation, a topic with many important contributions of Yves, for the description of membraneless intracellular organelles.

Publié le : 2020-11-16

DOI : 10.5802/crmeca.23

Mots clés : Diffusion-controlled growth, Viscous fingering, Solidification, Phase condensation, Synapses

Affiliations des auteurs :

Vincent Hakim ¹

¹ Laboratoire de Physique de l’Ecole normale supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75005 Paris, France

Licence :

CC-BY 4.0

Droits d'auteur : Les auteurs conservent leurs droits

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     title = {From growing bubbles and dendrites to biological forms},
     journal = {Comptes Rendus. M\'ecanique},
     pages = {627--636},
     publisher = {Acad\'emie des sciences, Paris},
     volume = {348},
     number = {6-7},
     year = {2020},
     doi = {10.5802/crmeca.23},
     language = {en},
}

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Vincent Hakim. From growing bubbles and dendrites to biological forms. Comptes Rendus. Mécanique, Volume 348 (2020) no. 6-7, pp. 627-636. doi : 10.5802/crmeca.23. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/mecanique/articles/10.5802/crmeca.23/

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