Comptes Rendus
no. 3
Agrégats comme précurseurs des nano-objets/Clusters as precursors of nano-objects
Met-Cars: a unique class of molecular clusters
[Met-Cars : une classe unique d'agrégats moléculaires]
Brian D. Leskiw1 ; A.Welford Castleman1
1 Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 3 (2002) no. 3, pp. 251-272.

L'intérêt primordial des systèmes de taille finie réside dans les propriétés spécifiques qu'ils présentent, qui diffèrent de celles de leurs constituants et de celles du solide correspondant. Ces systèmes, dont on peut choisir la composition et pour lesquels les propriétés des constituants individuels sont préservées, apparaissent particulièrement séduisant car ils sont utilisables comme briques élémentaires pour construire des matériaux nanostructurés. En 1992, nous avons découvert une nouvelle catégorie d'agrégats moléculaires, les « Met-Cars », impliquant une liaison carbone-M où M est un atome des premiers métaux de transition, avec une stoechiométrie M8C12. Les calculs ainsi que les données expérimentales récentes suggèrent pour ces espèces un comportement de type à électrons libres, ce que l'on peut montrer clairement en changeant la nature du métal. La possibilité de produire des « Met-Cars » avec différents atomes internes et différents atomes, métalliques ou non, pour la cage, montre bien que ces édifices sont précieux pour appréhender les propriétés de la matière condensée de taille finie. Ceci ouvre aussi une large voie d'exploration quant à leur utilisation comme briques élémentaires pour élaborer de nouveaux matériaux. Leur découverte, leur production et la dynamique de leur ionisation, sont présentées.

Currently there is extensive interest in systems of finite size as they often give rise to unique properties that differ from those of an extended solid or the individual molecular constituents of which they are comprised. Particularly interesting are systems whose composition can be selectively chosen, and ones whose individual characteristics may be retained, thus allowing them to serve as the building blocks for nanostructured/cluster-assembled materials. In 1992 we discovered a new class of molecular clusters termed metallocarbohedrenes, or Met-Cars for short, which involve bonding between early transition metals and carbon with a stoichiometry of M8C12. Calculations, as well as recent experimental findings, suggest that these species exhibit considerable free electron behavior which becomes manifested through observations of changing electronic energy levels with the nature of the metal. Indications that it is possible to produce Met-Cars with various endohedral atoms, as well as the finding that other metals and non-metal atoms may also be substituted in the cage lattice, suggest that these cluster materials are valuable in the context of unraveling the properties of condensed matter of finite size. This also opens an avenue for exploring the prospect that they may provide building blocks for new materials. Their discovery, formation, and ionization dynamics are reviewed herein.

Reçu le :
Accepté le :
Publié le :
DOI : 10.1016/S1631-0705(02)01319-1
Keywords: Met-Cars, delayed ionization, cluster, ionization potential, electron relaxation dynamics
Mots-clés : Met-Cars, ionisation retardée, agrégat, potentiel d'ionisation, dynamique de relaxation des électrons

Brian D. Leskiw 1 ; A.Welford Castleman 1

1 Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA 
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Brian D. Leskiw; A.Welford Castleman. Met-Cars: a unique class of molecular clusters. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 3 (2002) no. 3, pp. 251-272. doi : 10.1016/S1631-0705(02)01319-1. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/S1631-0705(02)01319-1/

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