Ion irradiation of TNOs: from the fluxes measured in space to the laboratory experiments

Giovanni Strazzulla; John F. Cooper; Eric R. Christian; Robert E. Johnson

doi:10.1016/j.crhy.2003.10.009

Ion irradiation of TNOs: from the fluxes measured in space to the laboratory experiments
[Irradiation ionique des OTNs : des flux mesurés dans l'espace aux expériences de laboratoire]

Présenté par : Pierre Encrenaz

Giovanni Strazzulla ¹ ; John F. Cooper ² ; Eric R. Christian ³ ; Robert E. Johnson ⁴

¹ INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
² Raytheon Technical Services Company, LLC, SSDOO Project, Code 632, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
³ Code SS, Office of Space Science, NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546-0001, USA
⁴ Engineering Physics, Thornton Hall B103, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA

Comptes Rendus. Physique, new frontiers in the solar system: trans-neptunian objects, Volume 4 (2003) no. 7, pp. 791-801.

Résumé
Abstract

On considère que l'irradiation ionique cosmique est un des processus qui gouvernent l'évolution des matériaux de surface des OTNs. Nous passons en revue la simulation en laboratoire des effects induits par l'irradiation dans des matériaux probablement constitutifs des OTNs. Nous décrivons en particulier la production de nouvelles espèces moléculaires, la formation de matériaux organiques réfractaires et les changements spectraux induits dans des cibles de glace et des bitumes naturels. Afin d'établir si les effets observés en laboratoire sont bien responsables des propriétés de surface des TNOs, nous rappelons l'état actuel de nos connaissances sur les flux ioniques. Nous donnons la relation entre temps d'irradiation et profondeur de pénétration pour des objets situés à diverses distances du soleil. Suivant une suggestion récente, la contribution des pertes d'énergie électronique et celle des collisions atomiques sont traitées séparément. Nous démontrons l'influence significative de l'irradiation ionique sur les propriétés physico-chimiques des OTNs et soulignons la nécessité de poursuivre ces recherches.

Cosmic ion irradiation is believed to be one of the processes driving the evolution of the surface materials on TNOs. We review the laboratory simulations of radiation effects induced in likely TNO materials. In particular the production of new molecular species, the formation of refractory organics, and the spectral changes induced in icy targets and in natural bitumens are described. In order to establish if the effects seen in the laboratory are in fact responsible for the surface properties of the TNOs, the present knowledge of the ion fluxes is reviewed. For objects at selected solar distances, dosage time is given versus depth into the material. As suggested by recent experiments, the contribution of the electronic energy loss and that due to knock-on collisions are given separately. The relevance of ion-irradiation for the physico-chemical properties of TNOs is demonstrated, and the need for future investigations is outlined.

Publié le : 2003-09-01

DOI : 10.1016/j.crhy.2003.10.009

Keywords: Trans-Neptunian objects, TNO colors, weathering, TNO chemistry, Ion irradiation, Ion fluxes, Ion populations, anomalous cosmic rays
Mots-clés : Objets trans-neptuniens, OTN couleurs, altération de surface d'OTN, OTN chimie, Irradiation ionique, Flux ionique, Rayons cosmiques anormaux

Affiliations des auteurs :

Giovanni Strazzulla ¹ ; John F. Cooper ² ; Eric R. Christian ³ ; Robert E. Johnson ⁴

¹ INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
² Raytheon Technical Services Company, LLC, SSDOO Project, Code 632, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
³ Code SS, Office of Space Science, NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546-0001, USA
⁴ Engineering Physics, Thornton Hall B103, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA

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     author = {Giovanni Strazzulla and John F. Cooper and Eric R. Christian and Robert E. Johnson},
     title = {Ion irradiation of {TNOs:} from the fluxes measured in space to the laboratory experiments},
     journal = {Comptes Rendus. Physique},
     pages = {791--801},
     publisher = {Elsevier},
     volume = {4},
     number = {7},
     year = {2003},
     doi = {10.1016/j.crhy.2003.10.009},
     language = {en},
}

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Giovanni Strazzulla; John F. Cooper; Eric R. Christian; Robert E. Johnson. Ion irradiation of TNOs: from the fluxes measured in space to the laboratory experiments. Comptes Rendus. Physique, new frontiers in the solar system: trans-neptunian objects, Volume 4 (2003) no. 7, pp. 791-801. doi : 10.1016/j.crhy.2003.10.009. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/j.crhy.2003.10.009/

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A. Rotundi; G. A. Baratta; J. Borg; J. R. Brucato; H. Busemann; L. Colangeli; L. D'Hendecourt; Z. Djouadi; G. Ferrini; I. A. Franchi; M. Fries; F. Grossemy; L. P. Keller; V. Mennella; K. Nakamura; L. R. Nittler; M. E. Palumbo; S. A. Sandford; A. Steele; B. Wopenka Combined micro‐Raman, micro‐infrared, and field emission scanning electron microscope analyses of comet 81P/Wild 2 particles collected by Stardust, Meteoritics Planetary Science, Volume 43 (2008) no. 1-2, p. 367 | DOI:10.1111/j.1945-5100.2008.tb00628.x
D. H. Wooden Cometary Refractory Grains: Interstellar and Nebular Sources, Origin and Early Evolution of Comet Nuclei, Volume 28 (2008), p. 75 | DOI:10.1007/978-0-387-85455-7_6
D. H. Wooden Cometary Refractory Grains: Interstellar and Nebular Sources, Space Science Reviews, Volume 138 (2008) no. 1-4, p. 75 | DOI:10.1007/s11214-008-9424-2
A. Alvarez-Candal; D. Jones; D. Lazzaro; I. P. Williams; M. Melita A dynamical and observational study of an unstable TNO: 59358 (1999CL158), Astronomy Astrophysics, Volume 466 (2007) no. 2, p. 749 | DOI:10.1051/0004-6361:20066849
M.H. Moore; R.F. Ferrante; R.L. Hudson; J.N. Stone Ammonia–water ice laboratory studies relevant to outer Solar System surfaces, Icarus, Volume 190 (2007) no. 1, p. 260 | DOI:10.1016/j.icarus.2007.02.020
R. Brunetto; M. A. Barucci; E. Dotto; G. Strazzulla Ion Irradiation of Frozen Methanol, Methane, and Benzene: Linking to the Colors of Centaurs and Trans‐Neptunian Objects, The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 644 (2006) no. 1, p. 646 | DOI:10.1086/503359
Rosario Brunetto; Giuseppe A Baratta; Giovanni Strazzulla Amorphization of diamond by ion irradiation: a Raman study, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Volume 6 (2005), p. 120 | DOI:10.1088/1742-6596/6/1/011
S. Fornasier; E. Dotto; M. A. Barucci; C. Barbieri Water ice on the surface of the large TNO 2004 DW, Astronomy Astrophysics, Volume 422 (2004) no. 2, p. L43 | DOI:10.1051/0004-6361:20048004
R. Brunetto; G. A. Baratta; G. Strazzulla Raman spectroscopy of ion irradiated diamond, Journal of Applied Physics, Volume 96 (2004) no. 1, p. 380 | DOI:10.1063/1.1759080
John F. Cooper; Eric R. Christian; John D. Richardson; Chi Wang Proton Irradiation of Centaur, Kuiper Belt, and Oort Cloud Objects at Plasma to Cosmic Ray Energy, The First Decadal Review of the Edgeworth-Kuiper Belt (2004), p. 261 | DOI:10.1007/978-94-017-3321-2_24

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