Les nanomatériaux représentent un domaine de recherche actif mais aussi un secteur économique en pleine expansion en vue de nombreuses applications. Par exemple la production française pour les matériaux les plus courants (comme la silice, le dioxyde de titane, le noir de carbone) se chiffre en centaines de milliers de tonnes. Comme cʼest le cas pour toute innovation, il convient de sʼinterroger sur les risques et, si nécessaire, de fixer des règles pour protéger la santé du consommateur et celle du travailleur. On discute en particulier les difficultés pour définir ces matériaux, de lʼétat des connaissances en matière de toxicité humaine ou environnementale et des prescriptions des agences en matière de sécurité.
Nanomaterials are an active area of research but also an economic sector in full expansion which addresses many application domains. For instance, French production for the most common nanomaterials (such as silica, titanium dioxide, carbon black) is in the hundreds of thousands of tons. As for any innovation, one must consider the risks and, if necessary, establish rules to protect consumer health and that of the worker. This article addresses in particular difficulties in defining these materials, the state of knowledge on human or environmental toxicity and requirements and agencies in charge of safety.
Keywords: Nanomaterials, Human toxicity, Environmental toxicity, Nanotechnology, Regulations
Eric Gaffet 1
@article{CRPHYS_2011__12_7_648_0,
author = {Eric Gaffet},
title = {Nanomat\'eriaux : {Une} revue des d\'efinitions, des applications et des effets sur la sant\'e. {Comment} impl\'ementer un d\'eveloppement s\^ur},
journal = {Comptes Rendus. Physique},
pages = {648--658},
publisher = {Elsevier},
volume = {12},
number = {7},
year = {2011},
doi = {10.1016/j.crhy.2011.06.002},
language = {fr},
}
TY - JOUR AU - Eric Gaffet TI - Nanomatériaux : Une revue des définitions, des applications et des effets sur la santé. Comment implémenter un développement sûr JO - Comptes Rendus. Physique PY - 2011 SP - 648 EP - 658 VL - 12 IS - 7 PB - Elsevier DO - 10.1016/j.crhy.2011.06.002 LA - fr ID - CRPHYS_2011__12_7_648_0 ER -
Eric Gaffet. Nanomatériaux : Une revue des définitions, des applications et des effets sur la santé. Comment implémenter un développement sûr. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 12 (2011) no. 7, pp. 648-658. doi : 10.1016/j.crhy.2011.06.002. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/j.crhy.2011.06.002/
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