Fracture and permeability of concrete and rocks

Gilles Pijaudier-Cabot

doi:10.5802/crphys.38

Fracture and permeability of concrete and rocks
[Rupture et perméabilité des bétons et des roches]

¹ Institut Universitaire de France, France
² Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, Total, LFCR, Anglet, France

Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 21 (2020) no. 6, pp. 507-525.

Résumé
Abstract

La mécanique de l’endommagement fournit un cadre qui permet de décrire l’ensemble du processus de rupture d’un matériau quasi-fragile sollicité par un chargement mécanique, à savoir une micro fissuration distribuée tout d’abord, puis l’amorçage et la propagation d’une macro-fissure. Une longueur interne doit être introduite afin d’obtenir une énergie dissipée non nulle à la rupture. Cette longueur interne induit un effet de taille cohérent lui aussi avec les données expérimentales. Cet article passe en revue quelques-uns des progrès réalisés par l’auteur depuis l’introduction du modèle d’endommagement non local en 1987. Parmi ceux-ci, les premiers modèles permettaient de bien décrire l’amorçage de la rupture mais moins bien la rupture complète, qui est une chose peu naturelle dans le contexte d’une description continue d’un solide. Des solutions possibles à ce problème, par exemple en faisant varier la longueur interne, sont évoquées. Puis, les effets couplés entre l’endommagement et la perméabilité d’un matériau sont abordés. La perméabilité du matériau doit être indexée sur la croissance des dommages dans le régime de fissuration distribuée. Lors de la macro-fissuration, il y a un changement de régime et c’est l’ouverture de fissure qui contrôle l’écoulement du fluide dans le matériau fissuré. Cependant, ces deux régimes peuvent être décrits avec un formalisme unique basée, au plan mécanique, sur la mécanique de l’endommagement.

Continuum Damage Mechanics provides a framework for the description of the mechanical response of concrete and rocks which encompasses distributed micro-cracking, macro-crack initiation, and then its propagation. In order to achieve a consistent setting, an internal length needs to be introduced to circumvent the difficulties inherent to strain softening and to avoid failure without dissipation of energy. Upon inserting this internal length, structural size effect is captured too. This paper reviews some the progresses achieved by the author since the introduction of the nonlocal damage model in 1987. Among them, the early proposals exhibited a proper description of the inception of failure but a poor one for complete failure since it is not straightforward to model a discrete cracking with a continuum approach. Candidate solutions, e.g. by considering a variable internal length are outlined. Then, the coupled effects between material damage and material permeability are considered. Is is recalled that the permeability of the material should be indexed on the damage growth in the regime of distributed cracking. Upon macro-cracking, there is a change of regime and it is the crack opening that controls the fluid flow in the cracked material. Both regimes may be captured with a continuum damage approach, however.

Publié le : 2021-01-14

DOI : 10.5802/crphys.38

Keywords: Damage, Cracking, Permeability, Size effect, Strain softening, Strain localisation, Internal length
Mot clés : Endommagement, Fissuration, Perméabilité, Effet d’échelle, Adoucissement, Localisation, Longueur interne

Affiliations des auteurs :

Gilles Pijaudier-Cabot ^{1, 2}

¹ Institut Universitaire de France, France
² Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, Total, LFCR, Anglet, France

Licence :

CC-BY 4.0

Droits d'auteur : Les auteurs conservent leurs droits

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     title = {Fracture and permeability of concrete and~rocks},
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     pages = {507--525},
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Gilles Pijaudier-Cabot. Fracture and permeability of concrete and rocks. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 21 (2020) no. 6, pp. 507-525. doi : 10.5802/crphys.38. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.5802/crphys.38/

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