[Effets collisionnels sur les profils spectraux]
La préoccupation croissante de l'humanité pour la compréhension et la sauvegarde de son environnement a engendré un regain d'intérêt scientifique pour l'étude des atmosphères planétaires à commencer par celle de notre Terre. Les spectromètres embarqués fournissent des informations de plus en plus précises sur la transmission et l'émission de rayonnement par ces atmosphères. Leur traitement par « inversion », dans le but d'extraire les profils verticaux (pression, température, fractions molaires), demande une modélisation précise des spectres d'absorption infrarouge. Dans ce cadre, la prise en compte de l'influence de la pression sur les profils est généralement cruciale. Ces effets des collisions inter-moléculaires entre l'espèce optiquement active et ses « perturbateurs » sont multiples et complexes et dépendent, pour l'essentiel, du domaine de densité des partenaires de collision. Cet article se propose d'illustrer et de passer en revue, à travers quelques exemples, l'actualité de ce domaine de recherche. Cet état des connaissances théoriques est à relier à la qualité croissante des dispositifs de laboratoire ou embarqués (lasers à différence de fréquences, spectromètres à transformée de Fourier et à diode laser,…) qui fournissent aujourd'hui des données d'une précision sans commune mesure avec ce qui était accessible il y a encore une dizaine d'années.
The growing concern of mankind for the understanding and preserving of its environment has stimulated great interest for the study of planetary atmospheres and, first of all, for that of the Earth. Onboard spectrometers now provide more and more precise information on the transmission and emission of radiation by these atmospheres. Its treatment by ‘retrieval’ technics, in order to extract vertical profiles (pressure, temperature, volume mixing ratios) requires precise modeling of infrared absorption spectra. Within this framework, accounting for the influence of pressure on the absorption shape is crucial. These effects of inter-molecular collisions between the optically active species and the ‘perturbers’ are complex and of various types depending mostly on the density of perturbers. The present paper attempts to review and illustrate, through a few examples, the state of the art in this field. This is to be related with the increasing quality of laboratory or onboard instruments (frequency difference laser, Fourier transform, diode laser spectrometers,…) which nowadays provide data of precision far above than what could be achieved ten years ago.
Mot clés : Line shapes, Collisions, Spectra
Christian Boulet 1
@article{CRPHYS_2004__5_2_201_0,
author = {Christian Boulet},
title = {Collisional effects on spectral line-shapes},
journal = {Comptes Rendus. Physique},
pages = {201--214},
publisher = {Elsevier},
volume = {5},
number = {2},
year = {2004},
doi = {10.1016/j.crhy.2004.01.014},
language = {en},
}
Christian Boulet. Collisional effects on spectral line-shapes. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 5 (2004) no. 2, pp. 201-214. doi : 10.1016/j.crhy.2004.01.014. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/j.crhy.2004.01.014/
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