[Les triplets de photons : un défi pour l'optique non linéaire et l'optique quantique]
Cet article est consacré à la generation et aux corrélations quantiques des triplets de photons. Il s'agit de la création de trois photons fortement corrélés produits à partir de la scission d'un seul photon par un processus non linéaire paramétrique du troisième ordre à l'accord de phase. Ces triplets constituent un état Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger de la lumière ; ils sont intéressants non seulement d'un point de vue fondamental mais aussi pour de nouveaux protocoles de cryptographie quantique. Nous donnons ici la description à la fois classique et quantique de la génération de triplets de photons, nous décrivons la première démonstration expérimentale d'une telle génération, et nous calculons la fonction de Wigner des états quantiques à 3 photons.
This article is devoted to the generation and the quantum correlations of triple photons, which correspond to the creation of three highly correlated photons from the splitting of a single photon by a phase-matched third-order parametric nonlinear process. These triples constitute a Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state of light and are interesting from a fundamental point of view but also for new schemes of quantum cryptography. We give here the classical and quantum descriptions of triple photon generation, we report on the first experimental demonstration of such a generation, and we calculate the Wigner function of three-photon quantum states of light.
Mots-clés : Optique non linéaire cubique, Optique quantique, Cristaux non linéaires, États non classiques de la lumière, GHZ, Conversion de fréquence paramétrique, Corrélation quantiques, Fluorescence paramétrique
Kamel Bencheikh 1 ; Fabien Gravier 2 ; Julien Douady 3 ; Ariel Levenson 1 ; Benoît Boulanger 2
@article{CRPHYS_2007__8_2_206_0,
author = {Kamel Bencheikh and Fabien Gravier and Julien Douady and Ariel Levenson and Beno{\^\i}t Boulanger},
title = {Triple photons: a challenge in nonlinear and quantum optics},
journal = {Comptes Rendus. Physique},
pages = {206--220},
publisher = {Elsevier},
volume = {8},
number = {2},
year = {2007},
doi = {10.1016/j.crhy.2006.07.014},
language = {en},
}
TY - JOUR AU - Kamel Bencheikh AU - Fabien Gravier AU - Julien Douady AU - Ariel Levenson AU - Benoît Boulanger TI - Triple photons: a challenge in nonlinear and quantum optics JO - Comptes Rendus. Physique PY - 2007 SP - 206 EP - 220 VL - 8 IS - 2 PB - Elsevier DO - 10.1016/j.crhy.2006.07.014 LA - en ID - CRPHYS_2007__8_2_206_0 ER -
%0 Journal Article %A Kamel Bencheikh %A Fabien Gravier %A Julien Douady %A Ariel Levenson %A Benoît Boulanger %T Triple photons: a challenge in nonlinear and quantum optics %J Comptes Rendus. Physique %D 2007 %P 206-220 %V 8 %N 2 %I Elsevier %R 10.1016/j.crhy.2006.07.014 %G en %F CRPHYS_2007__8_2_206_0
Kamel Bencheikh; Fabien Gravier; Julien Douady; Ariel Levenson; Benoît Boulanger. Triple photons: a challenge in nonlinear and quantum optics. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Recent advances in crystal optics, Volume 8 (2007) no. 2, pp. 206-220. doi : 10.1016/j.crhy.2006.07.014. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/j.crhy.2006.07.014/
[1] Generation of optical harmonics, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 7 (1961), p. 118
[2] Coherent and incoherent states of the radiation field, Phys. Rev., Volume 131 (1963), p. 2766
[3] Two-photon coherent states of the radiation field, Phys. Rev. A, Volume 13 (1976), p. 2226
[4] Squeezed states of light, Nature, Volume 306 (1983), p. 141
[5] Quantum state reconstruction of the single-photon Fock state, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 87 (2001), p. 050402
[6] Realization of the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen paradox for continuous variables, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 68 (1992), p. 3663
[7] Cascaded amplifying quantum optical taps: A robust noiseless optical bus, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 78 (1997), p. 34
[8] Quantum cryptography using entangled photons in energy-time Bell states, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 84 (2000), p. 4737
[9] Experimental quantum teleportation, Nature, Volume 390 (1997), p. 575
[10] Tunable coherent parametric oscillation in LiNbO3 at optical frequencies, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 14 (1965), p. 973
[11] Theory of parametric oscillator threshold with single-mode optical masers and observation of amplification in LiNbO3, Phys. Rev., Volume 146 (1966), p. 187
[12] The Elements of Nonlinear Optics, Cambridge Series in Modern Optics, Cambridge Univ. Press, London, 1990
[13] Field-factor formalism for the study of the tensorial symmetry of four-wave nonlinear optical parametric interactions in uniaxial and biaxial crystal, Phys. Rev. E, Volume 48 (1993), p. 4730
[14] Nonlinear refractive index of optical crystals, Phys. Rev. B, Volume 39 (1989) no. 5, pp. 3337-3350
[15] Specific properties of cubic optical parametric interactions compared to quadratic interactions, Phys. Rev. A 66, Volume 063817 (2002), pp. 1-11
[16] Interactions between light-waves in a nonlinear dielectric, Phys. Rev., Volume 117 (1962) no. 6, pp. 1918-1939
[17] Hot spots in parametric fluorescence with a pump beam of finite cross section, IEEE J. Quant. Electron., Volume 31 (1995), p. 769
[18] U. Leonhardt, Measuring the Quantum State of Light, Cambridge Univ. Press
[19] Measurement of the quantum states of squeezed light, Nature, Volume 12 (1995), p. 2304
[20] Measurement of the Wigner distribution and the density matrix of a light mode using optical homodyne tomography: application to squeezed states and the vacuum, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 70 (1993), p. 1244
[21] Quantum interference in three-photon down-conversion, Phys. Rev. A, Volume 55 (1997), p. 2368
[22] Oscillation and generation of nonclassical states in three-photon down-conversion, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 80 (1998), p. 492
[23] Quantum-mechanical amplification and frequency conversion with a trilinear Hamiltonian, Phys. Rev. A, Volume 1 (1970), p. 446
[24] Cubic optical nonlinearity of KTiOPO4, J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., Volume 32 (1999), pp. 475-488
[25] Calculation of quadratic cascading contributions associated with a phase-matched cubic frequency difference generation in a KTiOPO4 crystal, J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt., Volume 7 (2005), pp. 467-471
[26] Experimental demonstration of a pure third-order optical parametric downconversion process, Opt. Lett., Volume 29 (2004) no. 23, pp. 2794-2796
[27] F. Gravier, B. Boulanger, Phase-matched third-order frequency generation in TiO2 rutile single crystal, in: Conference on Laser and Electro-Optics, Long Beach California, 21–26 May 2006
Cité par Sources :
Commentaires - Politique