Cavity optomechanics and cooling nanomechanical oscillators using microresonator enhanced evanescent near-field coupling

G. Anetsberger; E.M. Weig; J.P. Kotthaus; T.J. Kippenberg

doi:10.1016/j.crhy.2011.10.012

Cavity optomechanics and cooling nanomechanical oscillators using microresonator enhanced evanescent near-field coupling
[Optomécanique en cavité et refroidissement de nanorésonateurs mécaniques par couplage en champ proche à un microtore]

G. Anetsberger ¹ ; E.M. Weig ² ; J.P. Kotthaus ² ; T.J. Kippenberg ^1,³

¹ Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
² Fakultät für Physik and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 München, Germany
³ École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, Ch-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 12 (2011) no. 9-10, pp. 800-816.

Résumé
Abstract

Les nanorésonateurs mécaniques sont au coeur de nombreuses mesures de précision. Nous avons obtenu un couplage dispersif par pression de radiation entre un nanorésonateur et le champ évanescent au voisinage dʼun microrésonateur en forme de toroïde. Le coefficient de couplage optomécanique atteint dans ce système une valeur supérieure à 200 MHz/nm, correspondant à un décalage supérieur à 4 kHz associé aux fluctuations quantiques de position du nanorésonateur. La caractérisation détaillée de ce couplage montre un bon accord entre lʼexpérience et les valeurs déterminées analytiquement ou par simulation par éléments finis. Nous montrons que la structure du mode mécanique du nanorésonateur peut être déterminée à partir de la seule observation de son mouvement brownien. De plus, nous avons observé que lʼinteraction par pression de radiation peut conduire à des oscillations cohérentes et auto-entretenues du nanorésonateur pour des puissances de lʼordre du nanowatt, et aussi à un refroidissement du nanorésonateur. Enfin, la possibilité de coupler le mouvement du nanorésonateur à deux modes optiques dont lʼespacement en fréquence correspond exactement à la fréquence de résonance mécanique est démontrée pour la première fois. Nous montrons que ce mécanisme de type Raman permet à la fois une amplification et un refroidissement du nanorésonateur.

Nanomechanical oscillators are at the heart of a variety of precision measurements. This article reports on dispersive radiation coupling of nanomechanical oscillators to the evanescent near-field of toroid optical microresonators. The optomechanical coupling coefficient which reaches values $> 200 MHz / nm$ , corresponding to a vacuum optomechanical coupling rate $> 4 kHz$ , is characterized in detail and good agreement between experimental, analytical and finite element simulation based values is found. It is shown that both the mode-structure and -patterns of nanomechanical oscillators can be characterized relying solely on Brownian motion. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the radiation pressure interaction can cause self-sustained coherent nanomechanical oscillations at nano-Watt power levels as well as cooling of the nanomechanical oscillator. Finally, the feasibility of coupling nanomechanical motion to two optical modes where the optical mode spacing exactly equals the mechanical resonance frequency is demonstrated for the first time. As shown here, this Raman-type scheme allows both amplification and cooling.

Publié le : 2011-11-23

DOI : 10.1016/j.crhy.2011.10.012

Keywords: Nanomechanical oscillator, Precision measurement, Cavity optomechanics, Microresonator, Dynamical backaction, Radiation pressure cooling and amplication
Mot clés : Nanorésonateur mécanique, Mesure de précision

Affiliations des auteurs :

G. Anetsberger ¹ ; E.M. Weig ² ; J.P. Kotthaus ² ; T.J. Kippenberg ^{1, 3}

¹ Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
² Fakultät für Physik and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 München, Germany
³ École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, Ch-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

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     author = {G. Anetsberger and E.M. Weig and J.P. Kotthaus and T.J. Kippenberg},
     title = {Cavity optomechanics and cooling nanomechanical oscillators using microresonator enhanced evanescent near-field coupling},
     journal = {Comptes Rendus. Physique},
     pages = {800--816},
     publisher = {Elsevier},
     volume = {12},
     number = {9-10},
     year = {2011},
     doi = {10.1016/j.crhy.2011.10.012},
     language = {en},
}

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G. Anetsberger; E.M. Weig; J.P. Kotthaus; T.J. Kippenberg. Cavity optomechanics and cooling nanomechanical oscillators using microresonator enhanced evanescent near-field coupling. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 12 (2011) no. 9-10, pp. 800-816. doi : 10.1016/j.crhy.2011.10.012. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/j.crhy.2011.10.012/

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