[Simuler l’effet Hall quantique dans les gaz d’atomes ultrafroids : perspectives et défis]
Cet acte de congrès présente les avancées récentes dans la réalisation d’états topologiques de la matière à l’aide de gaz atomiques ultrafroids. Nous nous concentrons sur la simulation de l’effet Hall quantique, découvert dans des gaz d’électrons bidimensionnels soumis à un champ magnétique. Étant donné que les atomes ultrafroids sont neutres, la simulation de l’effet d’un champ magnétique nécessite une technique ad hoc. Nous passons en revue diverses méthodes développées à cette fin, en soulignant leurs avantages et leurs limites respectifs. En outre, nous explorons l’extension de ces techniques aux gaz quantiques en interaction dans des bandes topologiques, dans le but de créer des analogues d’états de Hall fractionnaires. Ces états à N corps se distinguent par leur ordre topologique, qui se caractérise par une intrication à longue portée entre les particules et l’émergence d’excitations de basse énergie présentant des statistiques quantiques fractionnaires. La discussion portera sur l’état actuel de la recherche et sur les orientations futures potentielles dans ce domaine.
This proceedings presents recent advancements in the realization of topological states of matter using ultracold atomic gases. We focus on the simulation of the quantum Hall effect, originally discovered in two-dimensional electron gases subjected to a magnetic field. Given that ultracold atoms are neutral, simulating the effect of a magnetic field requires an ad-hoc technique. We review various methods developed for this purpose, highlighting their respective advantages and limitations. Furthermore, we explore the extension of these techniques to interacting quantum gases within topological bands, aiming to create analogs of fractional quantum Hall states. These many-body states are distinguished by their topological order, which is characterized by long-range entanglement among particles and the emergence of low-lying excitations exhibiting fractional quantum statistics. The discussion will encompass the current state of research and potential future directions in the field.
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Mots-clés : Phase topologique, Simulation quantique, Gaz quantiques
Sylvain Nascimbene 1
CC-BY 4.0
@article{CRPHYS_2025__26_G1_317_0,
author = {Sylvain Nascimbene},
title = {Simulating quantum {Hall} physics in ultracold atomic gases: prospects and challenges},
journal = {Comptes Rendus. Physique},
pages = {317--338},
publisher = {Acad\'emie des sciences, Paris},
volume = {26},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.5802/crphys.243},
language = {en},
}
Sylvain Nascimbene. Simulating quantum Hall physics in ultracold atomic gases: prospects and challenges. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 26 (2025), pp. 317-338. doi : 10.5802/crphys.243. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.5802/crphys.243/
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