A mathematical model to describe the change in the constitutive character of blood due to platelet activation

Mohan Anand; Kumbakonam R. Rajagopal

doi:10.1016/S1631-0721(02)01501-2

A mathematical model to describe the change in the constitutive character of blood due to platelet activation
[Un modèle mathématique décrivant le changement du caractère constitutif du sang dû à l'activation des plaquettes]

Mohan Anand ¹ ; Kumbakonam R. Rajagopal ¹

¹ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA

Comptes Rendus. Mécanique, Volume 330 (2002) no. 8, pp. 557-562.

Résumé
Abstract

Les plaquettes peuvent avoir une profonde influence sur les caractéristiques de l'écoulement sanguin, même si elles ne forment qu'une faible composante du volume du sang. De ce fait, elles peuvent avoir des conséquences graves sur le fonctionnement cardiovasculaire. Les plaquettes sont extrêmement sensibles aux agents chimiques et aux efforts physiques, et le phénomène appelé « activation des plaquettes » est toujours le précurseur de maladies graves telles que : l'infarctus aigü du myocarde, la plupart des attaques, l'embolie pulmonaire, la thrombose veineuse, et les occlusions artérielles aigües. Les appareils cardiovasculaires comme les appareils d'assistance ventriculaire et les valves cardiaques, peuvent produire des forts tenseurs de cisaillement qui causent l'activation de plaquettes. De plus, les surfaces artificielles de ces appareils sont thrombogènes et favorisent la formation de caillots, les dépots thrombotiques pouvant être la cause de pannes de ces appareils. Par conséquent, il y a un besoin criant de développer des modèles mathématiques de l'écoulement sanguin qui prennent en compte l'activation des plaquettes, car un tel modèle n'existait pas auparavant. Bien qu'un travail considérable ait été accompli en rhéologie sanguine, le role des plaquettes dans les caractéristiques de l'écoulement sanguin avait toujours été largement ignoré. Le but de cette Note est de combler cette lacune.

Though a minor component by volume, platelets can have a profound influence on the flow characteristics of blood and thereby have serious consequences with regard to cardiovascular functions. Platelets are extremely sensitive to chemical agents as well as mechanical inputs and platelet activation is a necessary precursor to many life threatening medical conditions such as acute myocardial infarction, most strokes, acute arterial occlusion, venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. In cardiovascular devices such as ventricular assist devices and prosthetic heart valves, high shear stresses can trigger platelet activation. Moreover, such devices have artificial surfaces that are thrombogenic, the thrombotic deposition contributing to the failure of the device. Thus, there is a need to develop a mathematical model for the flow of blood that takes into account platelet activation, no such model being available at the moment. While there has been considerable amount of work in blood rheology, the role of platelets in the flow characteristics of blood has been largely ignored. This study addresses this lacuna.

Reçu le : 2002-04-15
Accepté le : 2002-06-20
Publié le : 2002-01-01

DOI : 10.1016/S1631-0721(02)01501-2

Keywords: rheology, platelet activation, shear thinning, viscoelasticity
Mot clés : rhéologie, activation des plaquettes, amincissement par cisaillement, viscoélasticité

Affiliations des auteurs :

Mohan Anand ¹ ; Kumbakonam R. Rajagopal ¹

¹ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA

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Mohan Anand; Kumbakonam R. Rajagopal. A mathematical model to describe the change in the constitutive character of blood due to platelet activation. Comptes Rendus. Mécanique, Volume 330 (2002) no. 8, pp. 557-562. doi : 10.1016/S1631-0721(02)01501-2. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/mecanique/articles/10.1016/S1631-0721(02)01501-2/

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