[Mise en évidence expérimentale dʼune transition entre fissuration en mode I et formation de bandes de dilatation]
Deux types de fractures en extension dépendants de la contrainte moyenne σ ont été obtenus dans un matériau analogue de roches synthétique. Quand σ est très petit, des fractures en mode I se forment et présentent des surfaces lisses. A plus forte σ, des reliefs en structures plumeuses apparaissent sur les surfaces, dont lʼamplitude sʼaccroit avec σ. Des observations au MEB et des mesures mécaniques montrent que dans ce dernier cas, ces fractures/discontinuités sont initiées en tant que bandes de localisation dilatantes. Elles se forment sous de faibles contraintes normales en traction ou en compression et sont interprétées comme des instabilités constitutives propageantes. La similarité entre la fractographie plumeuse expérimentale et celle des diaclases suggère la similarité des mécanismes de formation.
Extension fractures of two types defined by the mean stress σ were generated in a synthetic rock analogue material. When σ is very small, the fractures are mode I cracks with smooth surfaces. At higher σ, these surfaces have plumose topography, with the amplitude increasing with σ. Both SEM observations and mechanical measurements show that fractures/discontinuities in the latter case are initiated as dilatancy localization bands. They form under tensile or slightly compressive normal stress and can be seen as running constitutive instabilities. The similarity between the plumose fractography of the experimental fractures and natural joints suggests similarity in the formation mechanism.
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Mot clés : Rupture, Mécanique des roches, Fractures, Essais en extension, Matériaux granulaires, Bandes de dilatance, Stabilité et bifurcation, Diaclases
@article{CRMECA_2011__339_4_219_0,
author = {Alexandre I. Chemenda and Si-Hung Nguyen and Jean-Pierre Petit and Julien Ambre},
title = {Experimental evidences of transition from mode {I} cracking to dilatancy banding},
journal = {Comptes Rendus. M\'ecanique},
pages = {219--225},
publisher = {Elsevier},
volume = {339},
number = {4},
year = {2011},
doi = {10.1016/j.crme.2011.01.002},
language = {en},
}
TY - JOUR AU - Alexandre I. Chemenda AU - Si-Hung Nguyen AU - Jean-Pierre Petit AU - Julien Ambre TI - Experimental evidences of transition from mode I cracking to dilatancy banding JO - Comptes Rendus. Mécanique PY - 2011 SP - 219 EP - 225 VL - 339 IS - 4 PB - Elsevier DO - 10.1016/j.crme.2011.01.002 LA - en ID - CRMECA_2011__339_4_219_0 ER -
%0 Journal Article %A Alexandre I. Chemenda %A Si-Hung Nguyen %A Jean-Pierre Petit %A Julien Ambre %T Experimental evidences of transition from mode I cracking to dilatancy banding %J Comptes Rendus. Mécanique %D 2011 %P 219-225 %V 339 %N 4 %I Elsevier %R 10.1016/j.crme.2011.01.002 %G en %F CRMECA_2011__339_4_219_0
Alexandre I. Chemenda; Si-Hung Nguyen; Jean-Pierre Petit; Julien Ambre. Experimental evidences of transition from mode I cracking to dilatancy banding. Comptes Rendus. Mécanique, Volume 339 (2011) no. 4, pp. 219-225. doi : 10.1016/j.crme.2011.01.002. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/mecanique/articles/10.1016/j.crme.2011.01.002/
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