Influence of grading on the undrained behavior of granular materials

Ying-Jing Liu; Gang Li; Zhen-Yu Yin; Christophe Dano; Pierre-Yves Hicher; Xiao-He Xia; Jian-Hua Wang

doi:10.1016/j.crme.2013.11.001

Influence of grading on the undrained behavior of granular materials

Ying-Jing Liu ^1,² ; Gang Li ^2,³ ; Zhen-Yu Yin ^1,² ; Christophe Dano ² ; Pierre-Yves Hicher ^2,⁴ ; Xiao-He Xia ¹ ; Jian-Hua Wang ¹

¹ Department of Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
² LUNAM University, École centrale de Nantes, GeM, UMR CNRS 6183, 1, rue Noë, 44300 Nantes, France
³ CCCC Third Harbor Consultants Co., Ltd., 200032 Shanghai, China
⁴ College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

Comptes Rendus. Mécanique, Volume 342 (2014) no. 2, pp. 85-95.

Résumé
Abstract

Cet article vise à étudier l'influence de l'étalement granulométrique sur le comportement non drainé des matériaux granulaires. Des séries d'essais triaxiaux non drainés ont été réalisés sur deux matériaux différents, des billes de verre et du sable Hostun. Pour chaque matériau, des échantillons de différentes granulométries et de densités relatives similaires ont été préparés. Les résultats expérimentaux montrent que la résistance au cisaillement diminue lorsque le coefficient d'uniformité $C_{u} = d_{60} / d_{10}$ augmente de 1,1 à 20. Les conditions d'instabilité pour les matériaux granulaires sélectionnés ont également été analysées, sur la base du signe du travail du second ordre au cours d'un chargement triaxial non drainé. Les résultats montrent une influence significative de l'étalement granulométrique : l'augmentation du coefficient d'uniformité accroît le potentiel de liquéfaction statique et les matériaux deviennent plus instables. En outre, des essais numériques en utilisant la méthode des éléments discrets en trois dimensions (DEM) ont été effectués sur des assemblages de sphères. Les paramètres inter-particules DEM ont été calculés à partir des résultats d'essais expérimentaux sur des billes de verre. Les simulations DEM ont montré des comportements similaires comparés aux résultats expérimentaux et confirment l'influence de l'étalement granulométrique sur la relation contrainte–déformation et les phénomènes d'instabilité.

This paper aims at investigating the influence of grading on the undrained behavior of granular materials. Series of undrained triaxial tests were carried out with two different materials, glass balls and Hostun sand. For each material, samples with different gradings and similar relative densities were prepared. Experimental results show that the undrained shear strength decreases when the coefficient of uniformity $C_{u} = d_{60} / d_{10}$ increases from 1.1 to 20. The conditions of instability for the selected granular materials were also analyzed, based on the sign of the second-order work during undrained triaxial loading. The results demonstrate a significant influence of the grading: increasing the coefficient of uniformity heightens the potential of static liquefaction and the materials become more unstable. Furthermore, numerical tests using the three-dimensional discrete element method (DEM) were conducted on assemblies of spheres. The DEM inter-particle parameters were derived from the experimental test results on glass balls. The DEM simulations showed similar behaviors compared to experimental results and confirmed the influence of the grain size distribution on the stress–strain relationship and instability phenomena.

Reçu le : 2013-07-17
Accepté le : 2013-11-05
Publié le : 2013-12-31

DOI : 10.1016/j.crme.2013.11.001

Keywords: Grain size distribution, Undrained triaxial test, Instability, DEM, Relative density, Granular material
Mots clés : Étalement granulométrique, Essai triaxial non drainés, Instabilité, DEM, Densité relative, Matériau granulaire

Affiliations des auteurs :

Ying-Jing Liu ^{1, 2} ; Gang Li ^{2, 3} ; Zhen-Yu Yin ^{1, 2} ; Christophe Dano ² ; Pierre-Yves Hicher ^{2, 4} ; Xiao-He Xia ¹ ; Jian-Hua Wang ¹

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     title = {Influence of grading on the undrained behavior of granular materials},
     journal = {Comptes Rendus. M\'ecanique},
     pages = {85--95},
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     number = {2},
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Ying-Jing Liu; Gang Li; Zhen-Yu Yin; Christophe Dano; Pierre-Yves Hicher; Xiao-He Xia; Jian-Hua Wang. Influence of grading on the undrained behavior of granular materials. Comptes Rendus. Mécanique, Volume 342 (2014) no. 2, pp. 85-95. doi : 10.1016/j.crme.2013.11.001. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/mecanique/articles/10.1016/j.crme.2013.11.001/

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Cité par Sources :

^☆ The paper was presented in the mini-symposium about “Recent Advances in the Mechanics of Granular and Porous Media” at the European Solid Mechanics Conference 2012 in Graz, Austria. The guest editors of this Mini-Symposium are Erich Bauer, Robert P. Behringer, Félix Darve and Lou Kondic.

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