New laser crystals for the generation of ultrashort pulses

Frédéric Druon; François Balembois; Patrick Georges

doi:10.1016/j.crhy.2006.04.004

New laser crystals for the generation of ultrashort pulses
[Nouveaux cristaux laser pour la génération d'impulsions ultra-brèves]

Frédéric Druon ¹ ; François Balembois ¹ ; Patrick Georges ¹

¹ Laboratoire Charles-Fabry de l'institut d'optique, UMR 8051 du CNRS, centre universitaire d'Orsay, bâtiment 503, 91403 Orsay cedex, France

Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 8 (2007) no. 2, pp. 153-164.

Résumé
Abstract

Le saphir dopé au titane est devenu le cristal de référence pour le développement de systèmes laser produisant des impulsions ultra-brèves et de forte puissance crête, grâce notamment à la technique d'amplification à dérive de fréquence. Ce cristal est donc à la base des lasers femtoseconde commerciaux actuels. Cependant, de nouveaux cristaux de laser ont été étudiés, d'une part, pour avoir accès directement à d'autres gammes de longueurs d'onde et, d'autre part, pour permettre le pompage direct par diodes laser de puissance et ainsi être beaucoup plus efficace qu'avec les lasers verts utilisés pour pomper le saphir dopé au titane. Pour cela, de nouveaux cristaux dopés au chrome ou à l'ytterbium ont été développés. Cet article se propose de faire un état de l'art des derniers développements dans ces domaines de recherche en mettant en avant les meilleures performances obtenues en termes de durée d'impulsion.

Since the beginning of the 1990s, titanium sapphire has become the crystal of choice for the development of ultrashort laser systems producing very short and powerful pulses using the Chirped Pulse Amplification technique. In parallel to these developments leading to commercial products, new laser crystals have been studied in order to reach directly other wavelength ranges and to overcome the need to develop cw or pulsed green laser to pump the titanium sapphire crystal. In order to be able to directly pump the crystals with a very efficient and high-power semiconductor laser, new crystals doped with chromium or ytterbium ions have been developed. This article will review the latest development in this research field with the best performances obtained in terms of pulse duration.

Publié le : 2006-09-01

DOI : 10.1016/j.crhy.2006.04.004

Keywords: Laser, Femtosecond pulses, Laser crystals, Diode-pumping
Mot clés : Laser, Impulsions femtoseconde, Cristaux laser, Pompage par diode laser

Affiliations des auteurs :

Frédéric Druon ¹ ; François Balembois ¹ ; Patrick Georges ¹

¹ Laboratoire Charles-Fabry de l'institut d'optique, UMR 8051 du CNRS, centre universitaire d'Orsay, bâtiment 503, 91403 Orsay cedex, France

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Frédéric Druon; François Balembois; Patrick Georges. New laser crystals for the generation of ultrashort pulses. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 8 (2007) no. 2, pp. 153-164. doi : 10.1016/j.crhy.2006.04.004. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/j.crhy.2006.04.004/

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