BAORadio: A digital pipeline for radio interferometry and 21 cm mapping of large scale structures

Réza Ansari; Jean-Eric Campagne; Pierre Colom; Christophe Magneville; Jean-Michel Martin; Marc Moniez; James Rich; Christophe Yèche

doi:10.1016/j.crhy.2011.11.003

The next generation radiotelescopes / Les radiotélescopes du futur

BAORadio: A digital pipeline for radio interferometry and 21 cm mapping of large scale structures
[BAORadio : Une chaîne numérique pour la radio-interférométrie et la cartographie des grandes structures à 21 cm]

Réza Ansari ^1,² ; Jean-Eric Campagne ^1,² ; Pierre Colom ³ ; Christophe Magneville ⁴ ; Jean-Michel Martin ⁵ ; Marc Moniez ^1,² ; James Rich ⁴ ; Christophe Yèche ⁴

¹ Université Paris-Sud, LAL, UMR 8607, 91898 Orsay cedex, France
² CNRS/IN2P3, 91405 Orsay cedex, France
³ LESIA, UMR 8109, observatoire de Paris-Meudon, 5 place J. Janssen, 92195 Meudon cedex, France
⁴ CEA, DSM/IRFU, Centre dʼétudes de Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
⁵ GEPI, UMR 8111, observatoire de Paris, 61, avenue de lʼobservatoire, 75014 Paris, France

Comptes Rendus. Physique, The next generation radiotelescopes / Les radiotélescopes du futur, Volume 13 (2012) no. 1, pp. 46-53.

Résumé
Abstract

La cartographie de lʼunivers en radio, à travers lʼobservation de la raie à 21 cm de lʼhydrogène atomique, constitue une approche complémentaire aux relevés optiques pour lʼétude des grandes structures, et en particulier des oscillations acoustiques baryoniques (BAO). Nous proposons une méthode originale de la mesure de la distribution de lʼhydrogène atomique neutre à travers une cartographie à 3 dimensions de lʼémission du gaz à 21 cm, sans identification de sources compactes. Cette méthode nécessite un instrument avec une grande sensibilité et une grande largeur de bande instantanée ( $≳ 100 MHz$ ), alors quʼelle peut se contenter dʼune résolution angulaire moyenne ( $\sim 10 arcmin$ ). Ces performances peuvent être obtenues avec un réseau interférométrique compact ou un réseau phasé au foyer dʼun grand réflecteur, représentant une surface collectrice de quelques milliers de m² avec quelques centaines de lobes simultanés couvrant un champ de vue de 20 à 100 deg². Nous décrivons le développement et la qualification dʼun système électronique et de traitement pour la radio-interférométrie et la synthèse de lobe numérique, adapté à ce type dʼinstrument avec plusieurs centaines dʼéléments de réception.

3D mapping of matter distribution in the Universe through the 21 cm radio emission of atomic hydrogen (H_I) is a complementary approach to optical surveys for the study of the Large Scale Structures, in particular for measuring the BAO (Baryon Acoustic Oscillation) scale up to redshifts $z ≲ 3$ , and therefore constraining dark energy parameters. We propose a novel method to map the H_I mass distribution in three dimensions in radio, without detecting or identifying individual compact sources. This method would require an instrument with a large instantaneous bandwidth ( $≳ 100 MHz$ ) and high sensitivity, while a rather modest angular resolution ( $\sim 10 arcmin$ ) should be sufficient. These requirements can be met by a dense interferometric array or a phased array (FPA) in the focal plane of a large primary reflector, representing a total collecting area of a few thousand square meters with few hundred simultaneous beams covering a 20 to 100 square degrees field of view. We describe the development and qualification of an electronic and data processing system for digital radio interferometry and beam forming suitable for such instruments with several hundred receiver elements.

Publié le : 2011-12-10

DOI : 10.1016/j.crhy.2011.11.003

Keywords: Cosmology, Dark energy, 21 cm radio interferometry
Mots-clés : Cosmologie, Énergie noire, Radio-interférométrie à 21 cm

Affiliations des auteurs :

Réza Ansari ^{1, 2} ; Jean-Eric Campagne ^{1, 2} ; Pierre Colom ³ ; Christophe Magneville ⁴ ; Jean-Michel Martin ⁵ ; Marc Moniez ^{1, 2} ; James Rich ⁴ ; Christophe Yèche ⁴

¹ Université Paris-Sud, LAL, UMR 8607, 91898 Orsay cedex, France
² CNRS/IN2P3, 91405 Orsay cedex, France
³ LESIA, UMR 8109, observatoire de Paris-Meudon, 5 place J. Janssen, 92195 Meudon cedex, France
⁴ CEA, DSM/IRFU, Centre dʼétudes de Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
⁵ GEPI, UMR 8111, observatoire de Paris, 61, avenue de lʼobservatoire, 75014 Paris, France

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     title = {BAORadio: {A} digital pipeline for radio interferometry and 21 cm mapping of large scale structures},
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Réza Ansari; Jean-Eric Campagne; Pierre Colom; Christophe Magneville; Jean-Michel Martin; Marc Moniez; James Rich; Christophe Yèche. BAORadio: A digital pipeline for radio interferometry and 21 cm mapping of large scale structures. Comptes Rendus. Physique, The next generation radiotelescopes / 
Les radiotélescopes du futur, Volume 13 (2012) no. 1, pp. 46-53. doi : 10.1016/j.crhy.2011.11.003. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/j.crhy.2011.11.003/

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