Large-area Sagnac atom interferometer with robust phase read out

Gunnar Tackmann; Peter Berg; Sven Abend; Christian Schubert; Wolfgang Ertmer; Ernst Maria Rasel

doi:10.1016/j.crhy.2014.10.001

The Sagnac effect: 100 years later / L'effet Sagnac 100 ans après

Large-area Sagnac atom interferometer with robust phase read out
[Interféromètre Sagnac atomique avec une acquisition de signal robuste]

Gunnar Tackmann ¹ ; Peter Berg ¹ ; Sven Abend ¹ ; Christian Schubert ¹ ; Wolfgang Ertmer ¹ ; Ernst Maria Rasel ¹

¹ Institut für Quantenoptik, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany

Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 15 (2014) no. 10, pp. 884-897.

Résumé
Abstract

Nous présentons ici les progrès réalisés avec notre interféromètre Sagnac à ondes de matière capable de résoudre des rotations ultra-lentes de l'ordre du $μrad s^{- 1}$ avec un temps de mesure de 1 s et un taux de répétition de 2 Hz. Deux interféromètres Raman, sensibles aux rotations et aux accélérations, ont été utilisés. Nous avons développé deux techniques d'acquisition de signal qui exploitent la corrélation de phase du double interféromètre, la première en stabilisant l'interféromètre sur la position à mi-frange, la deuxième se basant sur la modulation de phase en combinaison avec la méthode dite ellipse fitting. Les deux techniques reposent sur la sensibilité à l'accélération gravitationnelle qui est utilisée pour contrôler la phase différentielle sans perturber la phase de rotation. De plus, nous discutons dans cet article des erreurs dans la mesure de la rotation engendrées par des instabilités des sources atomiques croisées, avec un non-alignement résiduel des trois réseaux optiques qui sont utilisés pour la diffraction atomique. L'enregistrement des fluctuations de la position des sources nous permet de réduire ce signal parasite. Nous atteignons ainsi une sensibilité d'opération stable de $850 nrad s^{- 1} {Hz}^{- 1 / 2}$ à une seconde de temps de mesure et $20 nrad s^{- 1}$ après 4000 s d'intégration.

We report on recent progress on our matter-wave Sagnac interferometer capable of resolving ultra-slow rotations below the $μrad s^{- 1}$ level with a 1-s measurement time and a repetition rate of 2 Hz. Two Raman interferometers are employed that are susceptible to rotation and acceleration. We demonstrate two read-out schemes exploiting the strict phase correlation of the dual interferometer, the first one locking the interferometer to the mid-fringe position, and the second relying on phase modulation combined with ellipse fitting. In both, the sensitivity to gravity acceleration is employed for controlling the differential interferometer phase without influencing the rotation signal. Furthermore, we discuss errors in the rotation signal arising from atom source instabilities combined with a residual misalignment of the three pulsed light gratings used for atomic diffraction. Monitoring the source position fluctuations allows us to suppress this spurious signal. We achieve stable operation with a sensitivity of $850 nrad s^{- 1} {Hz}^{- 1 / 2}$ for a 1-s measurement time, and $20 nrad s^{- 1}$ after 4000 s of averaging.

Publié le : 2014-10-18

DOI : 10.1016/j.crhy.2014.10.001

Keywords: Atom interferometer, Gyroscopes, Inertial sensing, Cold atoms
Mot clés : Interféromètre atomique, Gyromètres, Capteurs inertiels, Atomes froids

Affiliations des auteurs :

Gunnar Tackmann ¹ ; Peter Berg ¹ ; Sven Abend ¹ ; Christian Schubert ¹ ; Wolfgang Ertmer ¹ ; Ernst Maria Rasel ¹

¹ Institut für Quantenoptik, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany

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     author = {Gunnar Tackmann and Peter Berg and Sven Abend and Christian Schubert and Wolfgang Ertmer and Ernst Maria Rasel},
     title = {Large-area {Sagnac} atom interferometer with robust phase read out},
     journal = {Comptes Rendus. Physique},
     pages = {884--897},
     publisher = {Elsevier},
     volume = {15},
     number = {10},
     year = {2014},
     doi = {10.1016/j.crhy.2014.10.001},
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Gunnar Tackmann; Peter Berg; Sven Abend; Christian Schubert; Wolfgang Ertmer; Ernst Maria Rasel. Large-area Sagnac atom interferometer with robust phase read out. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 15 (2014) no. 10, pp. 884-897. doi : 10.1016/j.crhy.2014.10.001. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/j.crhy.2014.10.001/

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