LED lighting efficacy: Status and directions

Paul Morgan Pattison; Monica Hansen; Jeffrey Y. Tsao

doi:10.1016/j.crhy.2017.10.013

LEDs: the new revolution in lighting / Les LED : la nouvelle révolution de l'éclairage

LED lighting efficacy: Status and directions

Paul Morgan Pattison ^1,² ; Monica Hansen ^1,³; Jeffrey Y. Tsao ^1,⁴

¹ U.S. Department of Energy Solid State Lighting Program, Washington, DC, USA
² SSLS, Inc., Johnson City, TN, USA
³ LED Lighting Advisors, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
⁴ Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA

Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 19 (2018) no. 3, pp. 134-145.

Abstract
Résumé

A monumental shift from conventional lighting technologies (incandescent, fluorescent, high intensity discharge) to LED lighting is currently transpiring. The primary driver for this shift has been energy efficiency and associated cost savings. LED lighting is now more efficacious than any of the conventional lighting technologies with room to still improve. Near term, phosphor-converted LED packages have the potential for efficacy improvement between 160 lm/W (now) to 255 lm/W. Longer term, color-mixed LED packages have the potential for efficacy levels conceivably as high as 330 lm/W, though reaching these performance levels requires breakthroughs in green and amber LED efficiency. LED package efficacy sets the upper limit to luminaire efficacy, with the luminaire containing its own efficacy loss channels. In this paper, based on analyses performed through the U.S. Department of Energy Solid State Lighting Program, various LED and luminaire loss channels are elucidated, and critical areas for improvement identified. Beyond massive energy savings, LED technology enables a host of new applications and added value not possible or economical with previous lighting technologies. These include connected lighting, lighting tailored for human physiological responses, horticultural lighting, and ecologically conscious lighting. None of these new applications would be viable if not for the high efficacies that have been achieved, and are themselves just the beginning of what LED lighting can do.

Un passage radical des techniques d'éclairage conventionnelles (incandescent, fluorescent, décharge de haute intensité) aux technologies LED est en train de s'opérer. La première raison de cette mutation est à rechercher dans l'efficacité énergétique de ces dernières et dans les économies associées. L'éclairage LED est maintenant plus efficace qu'aucune des technologies d'éclairage conventionnelles, mais il reste de l'espace pour des améliorations. À court terme, les ensembles à LED converties au phosphore peuvent encore voir leur efficacité améliorée de 160 lm/W à 255 lm/W. À long terme, il est concevable que les ensembles à LED à mélange de LED de différentes couleurs puissent atteindre des niveaux d'efficacité de 330 lm/W, quoiqu'atteindre de telles performances demande des avancées majeures du côté des LED de couleurs verte et ambre. L'efficacité des ensembles à LED détermine la limite supérieure du luminaire, ce dernier contenant ses propres canaux de perte d'efficacité. Dans cet article, sur la base d'analyses réalisées au Department of Energy au sein du Solid State Lighting Program américain, différents canaux de perte des LED et des luminaires ont été élucidés, et des domaines critiques permettant leur amélioration ont été identifiés. Au-delà d'économies d'énergie massives, la technologie LED permet de nouvelles applications et une valeur ajoutée non possible ou non économiquement faisable avec les anciennes technologies d'éclairage. Celles-ci incluent l'éclairage connecté, l'éclairage adapté aux réponses physiologiques humaines, l'éclairage horticole et l'éclairage respectueux de l'écologie. Aucune de ces nouvelles applications ne serait viable sans les hautes efficacités qui ont été atteintes, et qui ne sont elles-mêmes que les prémices de ce que l'éclairage LED peut faire.

Published online: 2017-12-28

DOI: 10.1016/j.crhy.2017.10.013

Keywords: Light-emitting diodes, Solid-state lighting, Energy efficiency
Mot clés : Diodes émettrices de lumière, Éclairage à l'état solide, Efficacité énergétique

Author's affiliations:

Paul Morgan Pattison ^{1, 2}; Monica Hansen ^{1, 3}; Jeffrey Y. Tsao ^{1, 4}

¹ U.S. Department of Energy Solid State Lighting Program, Washington, DC, USA
² SSLS, Inc., Johnson City, TN, USA
³ LED Lighting Advisors, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
⁴ Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA

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     title = {LED lighting efficacy: {Status} and directions},
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     pages = {134--145},
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Paul Morgan Pattison; Monica Hansen; Jeffrey Y. Tsao. LED lighting efficacy: Status and directions. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 19 (2018) no. 3, pp. 134-145. doi : 10.1016/j.crhy.2017.10.013. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/j.crhy.2017.10.013/

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