[Des ondes de Huygens aux photons d'Einstein : une étrange lumière]
From Huygens to Kastler, the members of the Académie des sciences have played an important role in the development and/or the thorough understanding of the models of light. This has paved the way to modern Quantum Optics.
De Huygens à Kastler, les membres de l'Académie des sciences ont joué un rôle important dans le développement et/ou la compréhension profonde des modèles de la lumière. Ils ont ainsi permis l'émergence de l'optique quantique moderne.
Mots-clés : Lumière, Onde, Photon, Comptes rendus, Académie des sciences
Alain Aspect 1
@article{CRPHYS_2017__18_9-10_498_0, author = {Alain Aspect}, title = {From {Huygens'} waves to {Einstein's} photons: {Weird} light}, journal = {Comptes Rendus. Physique}, pages = {498--503}, publisher = {Elsevier}, volume = {18}, number = {9-10}, year = {2017}, doi = {10.1016/j.crhy.2017.11.005}, language = {en}, }
Alain Aspect. From Huygens' waves to Einstein's photons: Weird light. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Science in the making: The Comptes rendus de l’Académie des sciences throughout history, Volume 18 (2017) no. 9-10, pp. 498-503. doi : 10.1016/j.crhy.2017.11.005. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/j.crhy.2017.11.005/
[1] Traité de la lumière, 1690 http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5659616j/f4.image (reprinted and available at)
[2] Mémoire sur la diffraction de la lumière, 1818 www.academie-sciences.fr/.../Fresnel/Fresnel... /Mem1818_p339.pdf (available at)
[3] The story is recounted, e.g., in the Éloge historique de Léon Foucault par J. Bertrand, published in the volume 42 of the Mémoires, see note 1.
[4] D. Pestre, La “tache de Poisson” fit triompher Fresnel, La Recherche, No. 436, December 2009.
[5] Sur une expérience relative à la vitesse de propagation de la lumière, C. r. hebd. séances Acad. sci. Paris, Volume 90 (1849), p. 132
[6] Méthode générale pour mesurer la vitesse de la lumière dans l'air et les milieux transparents. Vitesses relatives de la lumière dans l'air et dans l'eau. Projet d'expérience sur la vitesse de propagation du calorique rayonnant, C. r. hebd. séances Acad. sci. Paris, Volume XXX (1850), p. 551
[7] Nineteenth century clouds over the dynamical theory of heat and light, Philos. Mag. Ser. 6, Volume 2 (1901), pp. 1-40
[8]
, Princeton University Press, 2014 (See for instance the excellent book of Einstein and the Quantum)[9] Albert Einstein on his seventieth birthday, Rev. Mod. Phys., Volume 21 (1949), p. 343
[10] The birth of wave mechanics (1923–1926), C. R. Physique, Volume 18 (2017), pp. 583-585 ( in this issue )
[11] Les propriétés corpusculaires de la lumière, Procès-verbaux des séances de la Société des sciences physiques et naturelles de Bordeaux, 1931, pp. 32-58
[12] La détection de la résonance magnétique des niveaux excités – l'effet de dépolarisation des radiations de résonance optique et de fluorescence, C. r. hebd. séances Acad. sci. Paris, Volume 229 (1949) no. 23, pp. 1213-1215
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Cité par 18 documents. Sources : Crossref
☆ This paper is based on a text that was published in the Lettre de l'Académie des sciences, as a record of a speech pronounced for the 350th anniversary of the foundation of the Academy, in 2016. It emphasizes the role of the members of the “Académie” in the evolution of the models of light, and extends over a period much broader than the existence of the Comptes rendus. Before the creation of the latter, the Mémoires de l'Académie des sciences, which can be found on the site Gallica of the “Bibliothèque nationale de France” (French National Library), are an invaluable source of major documents, such as Fresnel's Mémoire sur la diffraction de la lumière, published in 1819. The long time it took for an article to be published, however, was a motivation to create the Comptes rendus, whose first role was to publish as fast as possible the discoveries presented in the weekly sessions of the “Académie”.
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