[La physique des écoulements de particules : des avalanches aux suspensions actives dans les plantes]
Les écoulements de milieux formés de grains dans l'air ou dans un liquide intéressent les physiciens depuis plusieurs décennies. Tantôt solides, tantôt liquides, ces matériaux divisés ont des comportements singuliers qui sont au cœur de nombreuses études à la frontière entre la physique non linéaire, la physique de la matière molle et la mécanique des fluides. Cet article se propose de faire un point sur les avancées récentes dans le domaine, en se concentrant sur le développement d'approches continues qui permettent de traiter le milieu comme un fluide complexe et de développer une hydrodynamique granulaire. Nous discutons également en quoi la compréhension plus fine des écoulements granulaires que nous avons aujourd'hui permet de mieux appréhender les matériaux plus complexes comme les suspensions colloïdales, voire certains milieux biologiques.
Flows of granular media in air or in a liquid have been a research field for physicists for several decades. Sometimes solid, sometimes liquid, these particulate materials exhibit peculiar behaviors, which have motivated many studies at the frontiers between nonlinear physics, soft matter physics and fluid mechanics. This paper presents a summary of the recent advances in the field, with a focus on the development of continuous approaches, which make it possible to treat granular media as a complex fluid and to develop a granular hydrodynamics. We also discuss how the better understanding of granular flows we have today may help to address more complex materials, such as colloidal suspensions or some biological systems.
Mot clés : Écoulements granulaires, Suspensions, Colloïdes, Rhéologie, Matière active, Fluides complexes
@article{CRPHYS_2018__19_5_271_0,
author = {Yo\"el Forterre and Olivier Pouliquen},
title = {Physics of particulate flows: {From} sand avalanche to active suspensions in plants},
journal = {Comptes Rendus. Physique},
pages = {271--284},
publisher = {Elsevier},
volume = {19},
number = {5},
year = {2018},
doi = {10.1016/j.crhy.2018.10.003},
language = {en},
}
Yoël Forterre; Olivier Pouliquen. Physics of particulate flows: From sand avalanche to active suspensions in plants. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 19 (2018) no. 5, pp. 271-284. doi : 10.1016/j.crhy.2018.10.003. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/j.crhy.2018.10.003/
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