[1] W. M. Smart Text-Book on Spherical Astronomy, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1949

[2] L. Dettwiller Phénomènes de réfraction atmosphérique terrestre, C. R. Phys., Volume 23 (2022) no. S1, pp. 103-132 | DOI

[3] C. Bruhns Die astronomische Strahlenbrechung in ihrer historischen Entwickelung, Voigt & Günther, Nuremberg, 1861

[4] A. M. Smith Ptolemy and the foundations of ancient mathematical optics: a guided study, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., Volume 89 (1999) no. 3, pp. 1-172 | DOI | Zbl

[5] A. M. Smith Ptolemy’s theory of visual perception: an English translation of the Optics  with introduction and commentary, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., Volume 86 (1996) no. 2, pp. 1-300 | DOI | MR | Zbl

[6] Cleomedes Cleomedis de Motu Circulari Corporum Caelestium, Libri Duo, B. G. Teubner, Leipzig, 1891 (edited by H. Ziegler)

[7] Regiomontanus Scripta Clarissimi Mathematici M. Ioannis Regiomontani, apud Ioannem Montanum et Vlricum Neuber, Norimbergæ, 1544 (edited by J.Schöner)

[8] J. Kepler Optics: Paralipomena to Witelo & Optical Part of Astronomy, Green Lion Press, Santa Fe, 2000 (trans. by William H. Donahue)

[9] T. Brahe Astronomiae instauratae progymnasmata, (J. Kepler, ed.), Typis inchoata Vraniburgi Daniae, Prague, 1602

[10] G. Videen Whose law of refraction?, Optics Photonics News, Volume 19 (2008) no. 5, pp. 15-17

[11] R. Rashed A pioneer in anaclastics: Ibn Sahl on burning mirrors and lenses, Isis, Volume 81 (1990), pp. 464-491 | DOI | MR | Zbl

[12] A. Malet Gregorie, Descartes, Kepler, and the Law of Refraction, Archives internationales d’histoire des sciences, Volume 40 (1990) no. 125, pp. 278-304 | MR | Zbl

[13] J. W. Shirley An early experimental determination of Snell’s law, Amer. J. Phys., Volume 19 (1951), pp. 507-508 | DOI

[14] J. Lohne Thomas Harriott (1560-1621), the Tycho Brahe of optics, Centaurus, Volume 6 (1959) no. 2, pp. 113-121 | DOI | MR | Zbl

[15] J. Lohne The fair fame of Thomas Harriott: Rigaud versus Baron von Zach, Centaurus, Volume 8 (1963), pp. 69-83 | DOI | Zbl

[16] C. de Waard Le manuscrit perdu de Snellius sur la réfraction, Janus, Volume 39 (1935), pp. 51-72

[17] J. A. Vollgraff Snellius’ notes on the reflection and refraction of rays, Osiris, Volume 1 (1936), pp. 718-725 | DOI

[18] K. Hentschel Das Brechungsgesetz in der Fassung von Snellius, Arch. Hist. Exact Sci., Volume 55 (2001), pp. 297-344 | DOI | MR

[19] R. Descartes Discourse on Method, Optics, Geometry, and Meteorology, Hackett Publishing Co., Indianapolis, 2001 (trans. by Paul J. Olscamp [revised ed. with an Introduction])

[20] G. D. Cassini [correspondence on refraction], Ephemerides Novissimæ Motuum Coelestium Marchionis Cornelii Malvasiæ, ex typographia Andreæ Cassiani, Modena, 1662

[21] J.-J. Dortous de Mairan Memoire sur la Cause generale du Froid en Hiver, & de la Chaleur en Eté, Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci., année 1719, Volume 1719 (1721), pp. 104-135

[22] G. D. Cassini Specimen Observationum Bononiensium, Ex typographia H. H. de Ducijs, Bologna, 1656

[23] A. T. Young Sunset science. IV. Low-altitude refraction, Astron. J., Volume 127 (2004), pp. 3622-3637 | DOI

[24] A. T. Young Understanding astronomical refraction, Observatory, Volume 126 (2006), pp. 82-115

[25] Sur les refractions astronomiques, Hist. Acad. Roy. Sci., année 1714 (1719), pp. 79-87 [Amsterdam reprint of the original Parisian publication, Hist. Acad. Roy. Sci., année 1714 (1717), p. 61-67]

[26] I. B. Riccioli Astronomiæ Reformatæ Tomi Duo, Ex Typographia Hæredis Victorij Benatij, Bologna, 1665

[27] G. D. Cassini De solis hypothesibus, & de refractionibus siderum ad dubia A. R. P. Io. Baptistæ Riccioli Soc. Iesu, Epistolæ Duæ Astronomicæ (G. Montanari, ed.), Typographia Ferroniana, Bologna, 1666, pp. 31-52

[28] J.-D. Cassini De solaribus hypothesibus et refractionibus epistolæ tres, Miscellanea italica physico-mathematica (G. Roberti, ed.), Typographia Pisariana, Bologna, 1692, pp. 281-340

[29] Three letters of Jo. Dominicus Cassinus, concerning his Hypothesis of the Suns motion, and his doctrine of Refractions; printed at Bononia in $4^{\circ }$, Phil. Trans., Volume 7 (1672) no. 84, pp. 5001-5002

[30] J.-B. J. Delambre Astronomie Théorique et Pratique, t. premier, p. 319-320, Courcier, Paris, 1814, pp. 319-320

[31] J. Ivory On the atmospherical refraction, Phil. Mag., Volume 57 (1821), pp. 321-325 | DOI

[32] P. Bouguer Second mémoire sur les réfractions astronomiques, observées dans la Zone Torride ; avec diverses remarques sur la manière d’en construire les Tables, Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci., année 1749 (1753), pp. 75-112

[33] L. Euler De la réfraction de la lumiere en passant par l’atmosphére selon les divers degrés tant de la chaleur que de l’elasticité de l’air, Histoire de l’Académie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Berlin, Année MDCCLIV [1754], Volume 10 (1756), pp. 131-172

[34] J. Cassini Des refractions astronomiques, Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci., année 1714 (1717), pp. 42-67 [Amsterdam reprint of the original Parisian publication, Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci., année 1714 (1717), p. 33-54]

[35] P. Bouguer De la Méthode d’Observer Exactement sur Mer la Hauteur des Astres, Claude Jombert, Paris, 1729

[36] P. Bouguer Sur les réfractions astronomiques dans la Zone Torride, Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci., année 1739 (1741), pp. 407-423

[37] T. Simpson Mathematical Dissertations on a Variety of Physical and Analytical Subjects, T. Woodward, London (1743), pp. 46-61

[38] N. Maskelyne British Mariner’s Guide, J. Nourse, London, 1763

[39] N. Maskelyne Concise rules for computing the effects of refraction and parallax in varying the apparent distance of the Moon from the Sun or a star, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., Volume 54 (1764), pp. 263-276

[40] N. Maskelyne Concerning the latitude and longitude of the Royal Observatory at Greenwich; with remarks on a memorial of the late M. Cassini de Thury, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., Volume 77 (1787), pp. 151-187

[41] T. Mayer Tabulæ motuum Solis et Lunæ novæ et correctæ, Typis Gulielmi et Johannis Richardson, London, 1770

[42] E. G. Forbes The Euler-Mayer Correspondence (1751–1755), American Elsevier, New York, 1971 | DOI

[43] W. S. James The discovery of the gas laws. II. Gay-Lussac’s law, Science Progress in the Twentieth Century (1919-1933), Volume 24 (1929) no. 93, pp. 57-71

[44] H. Chang The hidden history of phlogiston, HYLE – International Journal for Philosophy of Chemistry, Volume 16 (2010) no. 2, pp. 47-79

[45] J. H. Lambert Les proprietés remarquables de la route de la lumière, N. van Daalen, La Haye, 1759

[46] E. Halley Some remarks on the allowances to be made in astronomical observations for the refraction of the air, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., Volume 31 (1721), pp. 169-172

[47] F. Baily An Account of the Revd. John Flamsteed, Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty (1835), pp. 134-153

[48] J. B. Biot Sur les réfractions astronomiques, C. R. Acad. Sci., Volume 3 (1836), pp. 237-244

[49] J. B. Biot An account of the Rev. John Flamsteed, etc., Journal des Savants (1836), p. 156-166, 205–223, 641–658

[50] J. B. Biot Analyse des Tables de réfraction construites par Newton, avec l’indication des procédés numériques par lesquels il a pu les calculer, Journal des Savants (1836), pp. 735-754

[51] D. T. Whiteside The Mathematical Papers of Isaac Newton, Vol. VI: 1684-1691, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1974), pp. 431-436

[52] B. Taylor Methodus Incrementorum directa & inversa, Prostant apud Gul. Innys, London, 1715

[53] J.-L. Lagrange Sur les réfractions astronomiques, Nouveaux Mémoires de l’Académie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres (Berlin), Année MDCCLXXII [1772] (1774), pp. 259-282

[54] B. Oriani De refractionibus astronomicis, Ephemerides astronomicae Anni Intercalaris 1788, Apud Joseph Galeatium, Mediolani [Milan], 1787, pp. 164-227

[55] B. Oriani De refractionibus astronomicis, Opuscula Astronomica ex Ephemeridibus Mediolanensibus ad annos 1788 & 1789 excerpta, Joseph Galeatium, Mediolani [Milan], 1787, pp. 44-107

[56] A. Bemporad Besondere Behandlung des Einflusses der Atmosphäre (Refraktion und Extinktion), Encyklopädie der Mathematischen Wissenschaften mit Einschluss ihrer Anwendungen, Band VI, Teil 2, Astronomie, Erste Hälfte (K. Schwarzschild; S. Oppenheim, eds.), B. G. Teubner, 1907, pp. 287-334 | Zbl

[57] Chr. Kramp Analyse des Réfractions Astronomiques et Terrestres, E. B. Schwikkert, Leipzig, 1799

[58] E. E. Kummer Über atmosphärische Strahlenbrechung, Monatsber. Kgl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, Volume 5 (1860), pp. 405-420

[59] P. S. Laplace Traité de Mécanique Céleste, t. 4, book 10, chap. 3, Chez J. B. M. Duprat, Paris, 1805

[60] N. Bowditch Mécanique Céleste. By the Marquis de La Place, translated, with a commentary, VI, Little and Brown, Boston, 1839

[61] A. T. Young Annotated bibliography of mirages, green flashes, atmospheric refraction, etc. (https://aty.sdsu.edu/bibliog/bibliog.html)

[62] T. Young The variation of the Temperature of the atmosphere deduced from the mean Refraction., Quart. J. Sci. Lit. & Arts, Volume 12 (1822), pp. 396-398

[63] J. Ivory Postscript, Phil. Mag., Volume 58 (1821), pp. 420-421

[64] J. Ivory On the astronomical refractions, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. (1823), pp. 409-495

[65] J. Ivory Letter on the astronomical refractions, Phil. Mag., Volume 63 (1824), pp. 418-427 | DOI

[66] J. Ivory On the constitution of the atmosphere, Phil. Mag., Volume 66 (1825), p. 81-93, 241–250 | DOI

[67] J. Ivory Atmospheric refraction at very low temperatures and altitudes, Phil. Mag., Volume 68 (1826), pp. 177-180 | DOI

[68] J. Ivory On the theory of the astronomical refractions, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., Volume 128 (1838), pp. 169-229

[69] F. Arago Instructions concernant la Météorologie et la Physique du globe, C. R. Acad. Sci., Volume 7 (1838), pp. 206-224

[70] J. B. Biot Note additionnelle à un mémoire sur les réfractions atmosphériques, C. R. Acad. Sci., Volume 3 (1836), p. 504

[71] J. B. Biot Sur les réfractions astronomiques, Additions à la Connaissance des Temps, pour l’An 1839 (1836), pp. 3-114

[72] L. Auer; E. M. Standish Astronomical Refraction: Computational Method for all Zenith Angles, Yale University Astronomy Dept., New Haven, 1979

[73] L. Auer; E. M. Standish Astronomical Refraction: Computational Method for all Zenith Angles, A. J., Volume 119 (2000), pp. 2472-2474 | DOI

[74] J. B. Biot Sur la vraie constitution de l’atmosphère terrestre déduit de l’expérience, avec ses applications à la mesure des hauteurs par les observations barométriques, et au calcul des réfractions, C. R. Acad. Sci., Volume 6 (1838), pp. 390-401

[75] J. B. Biot Mémoire sur la vraie constitution de l’atmosphère terrestre déduite de l’expérience, avec ses applications à la mesure des hauteurs par les observations barométriques, et au calcul des réfractions, Additions à la Connaissance des Temps, pour l’An 1841 (1838), pp. 3-112

[76] J. B. Biot Note de M.Biot sur l’ensemble des articles relatifs aux réfractions atmosphériques insérés par lui dans les Comptes rendus précédents, C. R. Acad. Sci., Volume 40 (1855), pp. 597-604

[77] R. Emden Beiträge zur Thermodynamik der Atmosphäre. 1. Mitteilung: Über polytrope Atmosphären, Met. Zs., Volume 33 (1916) no. 8, pp. 351-360

[78] R. Emden Über astronomische Refraktion, A. N., Volume 219 (1923), pp. 45-56

[79] W. Fabritius Die astronomische Refraction bei Annahme einer constanten Temperaturabnahme, A. N., Volume 93 (1878), pp. 17-28 | Zbl

[80] C. M. Bauernfeind Die atmosphärische Strahlenbrechung, Astron. Nachrichten, Volume 62 (1864), pp. 209-252

[81] R. Radau Recherches sur la théorie des réfractions astronomiques, Annales de l’Observatoire de Paris, Volume 16 (1882), p. B.1-B.114

[82] R. Radau Essai sur les réfractions astronomiques, Annales de l’Observatoire de Paris, Volume 19 (1889), p. G.1-G.80

[83] S. Newcomb A Compendium of Spherical Astronomy, Macmillan, New York (1906), pp. 173-224

[84] J. Glaisher An account of meteorological and physical observations in three balloon ascents made in the years 1865 and 1866, Report of the Thirty-Sixth Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science (1867), pp. 367-401

[85] E. von Oppolzer Strahlenbrechung, Handwörterbuch der Astronomie Vol. IIIb (W. Valentiner, ed.), Verlag von Eduard Trewendt, Breslau, 1901, pp. 548-601

[86] T. A. Banakhevich Tri eskiza po teorii refraktsii, Ucheniya Zapiski, Volume 82 (1915) no. 10, pp. 1-27

[87] B. Garfinkel An investigation in the theory of astronomical refraction, A. J., Volume 50 (1944), pp. 169-179 | DOI | MR

[88] B. Garfinkel Astronomical refraction in a polytropic atmosphere, A. J., Volume 72 (1967), pp. 235-254 | DOI

[89] A. Wegener Drachen- und Fesselballonaufstiege, Meddelelser om Grønland, Volume 42 (1909) no. 1, pp. 1-76

[90] A. Wegener Meteorologische Terminbeobachtungen am Danmarks-Havn, Meddelelser om Grønland, Volume 42 (1911), pp. 125-356

[91] T. Zona Deformazioni del Sole all’Orizzonte, Atti R. Accad. Palermo, Volume 6 (1902), pp. 1-7

[92] L. Rudaux Déformations du soleil à l’horizon, Bull. Soc. Astron. Française (L’Astronomie), Volume 20 (1906), pp. 283-285

[93] A. Wegener Über die Ursache der Zerrbilder bei Sonnenuntergängen, Beitr. Physik d. freien Atmos., Volume 4 (1912), pp. 26-34

[94] A. Wegener Elementare Theorie der atmosphärischen Spiegelungen, Annalen der Physik, Volume 57 (1918), pp. 203-230 | DOI

[95] W. J. Fisher Low-Sun phenomena in Luzon III. Marine sunsets and the duration of sunset on Manila Bay and the China Sea, Philippine J. Sci., Volume 17 (1920), pp. 607-614

[96] J. F. Chappell Apparent distortions of the setting Sun, Pub. Astr. Soc. Pacific, Volume 45 (1933), pp. 281-282 | DOI

[97] D. J. K. O’Connell The Green Flash and Other Low Sun Phenomena, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1958

[98] A. T. Young; G. W. Kattawar; P. Parviainen Sunset Science. I. The Mock Mirage, Appl. Opt., Volume 36 (1997), pp. 2689-2700 | DOI

[99] E. E. Gossard Formation of elevated refractive layers in the oceanic boundary layer by modification of land air flowing offshore, Radio Science, Volume 17 (1982) no. 2, pp. 385-398 | DOI

[100] B. B. Balsley; R. G. Frehlich; M. L. Jensen; Y. Meillier; A. Muschinski Extreme gradients in the nocturnal boundary layer: structure, evolution, and potential causes, J. Atmos. Sci., Volume 60 (2003), pp. 2496-2508 | DOI

[101] H. Bruns Zur Theorie der astronomischen Strahlenbrechung, Berichte über die Verhandlungen der Königlich Sächsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, Math.-Phys. Classe, Volume 43 (1891), pp. 164-227 | Zbl

[102] F. Hausdorff Zur Theorie der astronomischen Strahlenbrechung., Berichte über die Verhandlungen der Königlich Sächsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, Math.-Phys. Classe, Volume 43 (1891), pp. 491-566 | Zbl

[103] F. Hausdorff Zur Theorie der astronomischen Strahlenbrechung. II., Berichte über die Verhandlungen der Königlich Sächsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, Math.-Phys. Classe, Volume 45 (1893), pp. 120-162 | Zbl

[104] F. Hausdorff Zur Theorie der astronomischen Strahlenbrechung. III., Berichte über die Verhandlungen der Königlich Sächsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, Math.-Phys. Classe, Volume 45 (1893), pp. 758-804 | Zbl

[105] F. Hausdorff Ueber die Absorption des Lichtes in der Atmosphäre, Berichte über die Verhandlungen der Königlich Sächsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, Math.-Phys. Classe, Volume 47 (1895), pp. 401-482 | Zbl

[106] J. D. Forbes On the transparency of the atmosphere and the law of extinction of the solar rays in passing through it, Phil. Trans., Volume 132 (1842), pp. 225-273

[107] N. K. Johnson; O. F. T. Roberts The measurement of the lapse rate of temperature by an optical method, Q. J. Roy. Met. Soc., Volume 51 (1925), pp. 131-138 | DOI

[108] K. Brocks Eine Methode zur Beobachtung des vertikalen Dichte- und Temperaturgefälles in den bodenfernen Atmosphärenschichten, Met. Zs., Volume 57 (1940), pp. 19-26

[109] R. Geiger Das Klima der bodennahen Luftschicht, Vieweg, Braunschweig, 1927

[110] K. A. Christian; C. R. Tracy Measuring air temperature in field studies, J. Therm. Biol., Volume 10 (1985) no. 1, pp. 55-56 | DOI

[111] K. Brocks Eine räumlich integrierende optische Methode für die Messung vertikaler Temperatur- und Wasserdampfgradienten in der untersten Atmosphäre, Arch. Meteor. Geophys. Bioklim. A, Volume 6 (1954) no. 3/4, pp. 370-402 | DOI

[112] K. P. Gaykovich; A. S. Gurvich; A. P. Naumov On a reconstruction of meteorological parameters from intra-atmospheric measurements of optical refraction of cosmic sources, Izv. Atmos. Ocean. Phys., Volume 19 (1983), pp. 507-512

[113] S. V. Zagoruyko; V. Kan Reconstruction of the profile of the index of refraction and of the temperature from measurements of optical refraction, Radio Eng. Electron. Phys., Volume 29 (1984), pp. 95-99

[114] W. D. Bruton; G. W. Kattawar Unique temperature profiles for the atmosphere below an observer from sunset images, Appl. Opt., Volume 36 (1997), pp. 6957-6961 | DOI

[115] W. D. Bruton; G. W. Kattawar Unique temperature profiles for the atmosphere below an observer from sunset images: erratum, Appl. Opt., Volume 37 (1998), p. 2271 | DOI

[116] A. T. Young; E. Frappa Mirages at Lake Geneva: the Fata Morgana, Appl. Opt., Volume 56 (2017) no. 19, p. G59-G68 | DOI

[117] J. Bauschinger Untersuchungen über die astronomische Refraction, München Sternw. Neue Ann., Volume 3 (1896), pp. 41-229

[118] A. Bemporad Saggio di applicazione dei metodi di calcolo dell’ astronomia teorica a problemi di fisica matematica, Mem. Soc. Spett. Ital., Volume 36 (1907), pp. 79-87

[119] A. Bemporad; P. Puiseux VII. 2. Réfraction et Extinction, Encyclopédie des Sciences Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées, Gauthier-Villars, Paris, 1913, pp. 14-67

[120] G. C. Comstock Atmospheric refraction near the horizon, Pop. Astr., Volume 27 (1919), pp. 529-530

[121] C. Y. Hohenkerk; A. T. Sinclair The computation of angular atmospheric refraction at large zenith angles (NAO Technical Note No. 63, 1985 April), H. M. Nautical Almanac Office, Royal Greenwich Observatory, London, 1985

[122] P. K. Seidelmann Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical Almanac, University Science Books, Mill Valley, 1992

[123] Siebren Y. van der Werf Comment on “Improved ray tracing air mass numbers model”, Appl. Opt., Volume 47 (2008), pp. 153-156 | DOI

[124] P. Bouguer Essai d’Optique sur la Gradation de la Lumiere, Claude Jombert, Paris, 1729

[125] M. J. Maurer Die Extinction des Fixsternlichtes in der Atmosphäre in ihrer Beziehung zur astronomischen Refraction, David Bürkli, Zürich, 1882

[126] A. Bemporad Zur Theorie der Extinktion des Lichtes in der Erdatmosphäre, Mitt. Grossherzogl. Sternwarte Heidelberg (1904) no. 4, pp. 1-78

[127] F. Link Théorie photométrique des éclipses de Lune, Bull. Astron., Volume 8 (1933), pp. 77-108 | Zbl

[128] F. Link Nouvelles Tables de masses d’air, J. Obs., Volume 17 (1934) no. 3, pp. 41-48

[129] F. Link Masses d’air et réfractions sous diférentes latitudes et en diférentes saisons de l’année, J. Obs., Volume 20 (1937), pp. 165-171

[130] F. Kasten; A. T. Young Revised optical air mass tables and approximation formula, Appl. Opt., Volume 28 (1989), pp. 4735-4738 | DOI

[131] Committee on Extensions to the Standard Atmosphere U.S. Standard Atmosphere, 1976, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, 1976

[132] J. W. Strutt (Lord Rayleigh) On the transmission of light through an atmosphere containing small particles in suspension, and on the origin of the blue of the sky, Phil. Mag., Volume 47 (1899), pp. 375-384

[133] J. W. Strutt (Lord Rayleigh) On the transmission of light through an atmosphere containing small particles in suspension, and on the origin of the blue of the sky, Selected Papers on Scattering in the Atmosphere (C. F. Bohren, ed.), Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, Bellingham, 1989, pp. 26-34

[134] A. T. Young Rayleigh scattering, Phys. Today, Volume 35 (1982), pp. 42-48 | DOI

[135] A. T. Young Rayleigh scattering, Selected Papers on Scattering in the Atmosphere (C. F. Bohren, ed.), Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, Bellingham, 1989, pp. 118-124

[136] H. Naus; W. Ubachs Experimental verification of Rayleigh scattering cross sections, Optics Letters, Volume 25 (2000) no. 5, pp. 347-349 | DOI

[137] M. Sneep; W. Ubachs Direct measurement of the Rayleigh scattering cross section in various gases, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, Volume 92 (2005) no. 3, pp. 293-310 | DOI

[138] R. Thalman; K. J. Zarzana; M. A. Tolbert; R. Volkamer Rayleigh scattering cross-section measurements of nitrogen, argon, oxygen and air, JQSRT, Volume 147 (2014), pp. 171-177 | DOI

[139] R. Thalman; K. J. Zarzana; M. A. Tolbert; R. Volkamer Erratum to “Rayleigh scattering cross-section measurements of nitrogen, argon, oxygen and air”, JQSRT, Volume 189 (2017), pp. 281-282 | DOI

[140] A. T. Young Observational technique and data reduction, Methods of Experimental Physics, Vol. 12, Astrophysics; Part A: Optical and Infrared, (N. Carleton, ed.), Academic Press Inc., New York, 1974, pp. 123-192

[141] I. Petropavlovskikh; P. K. Bhartia; J. DeLuisi New Umkehr ozone profile retrieval algorithm optimized for climatological studies, Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 32 (2005), L16808 | DOI

[142] H. Matsumoto The refractive index of moist air in the 3-$\mu$m region, Metrologia, Volume 18 (1982), pp. 49-52 | DOI

[143] K. P. Birch; M. J. Downs The results of a comparison between calculated and measured values of the refractive index of air, J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum., Volume 21 (1988), pp. 694-695 | DOI

[144] J. Beers; T. Doiron Verification of revised water vapour correction to the refractive index of air, Metrologia, Volume 29 (1992), pp. 315-316 | DOI

[145] G. Bönsch; E. Potulski Measurement of the refractive index of air and comparison with modified Edlén’s formulae, Metrologia, Volume 35 (1998), pp. 133-139 | DOI

[146] R. J. Mathar Calculated refractivity of water vapor and moist air in the atmospheric window at 10 $\mu$m, Appl. Opt., Volume 43 (2004), pp. 928-932 | DOI

[147] J. Vaquero-Martinez; M. Anton Review on the role of GNSS meteorology in monitoring water vapor for atmospheric physics, Remote Sens., Volume 13 (2021), pp. 2287-2315 | DOI

[148] Í. Rapp-Arrarás; J. M. Domingo-Santos Extinction, refraction, and delay in the atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., Volume 113 (2008), D20116

[149] G. Hänel The Properties of atmospheric aerosol particles as functions of the relative humidity at thermodynamic equilibrium with the surrounding moist air, Advances in Geophysics (H. E. Landsberg, ed.), Academic Press Inc., New York, 1976, pp. 73-188 | DOI

[150] E. P. Shettle; R. W. Fenn Models for the aerosols of the lower atmosphere and the effects of humidity variations on their optical properties, AFGL-TR-79-0214, Environmental Research Papers, No.676, Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, 1979

[151] A. T. Young Air mass and refraction, Appl. Opt., Volume 33 (1994), pp. 1108-1110 | DOI

[152] H. Atkinson On astronomical and other Refractions; with a connected Inquiry into the Law of Temperature in different Latitudes and at different Altitudes, Mem. Roy. Astr. Soc., Volume 2 (1826), pp. 137-260

[153] H. Atkinson On the fluctuations of the atmosphere near the earth’s surface; and On the effect of such fluctuations upon the refraction at the horizon, and at very low altitudes, especially on the dip of the horizon at sea, Mon. Not. Roy. Astr. Soc., Volume 1 (1830), pp. 192-193

[154] H. Atkinson Of the fluctuations of the atmosphere near the earth’s surface; and of their effects upon the refraction at very low altitudes. With an Appendix on the dip of the horizon, Mem. Roy. Astr. Soc., Volume 4 (1831), pp. 517-530

[155] M. E. Tschudin; S. R. Schroeder Time constant estimates for radiosonde temperature sensors, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, Volume 30 (2013), pp. 40-56 | DOI

[156] A. Mahesh; V. P. Walden; S. G. Warren Radiosonde temperature measurements in strong inversions: correction for thermal lag based on an experiment at the South Pole, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., Volume 14 (1997), pp. 45-53 | DOI

[157] E. E. Gossard; J. E. Gaynor; R. J. Zamora; W. D. Neff Finestructure of elevated stable layers observed by sounder and in situ tower sensors, J. Atmos. Sci., Volume 42 (1985), pp. 2156-2169 | DOI

[158] F. Dalaudier; C. Sidi; M. Crochet; J. Vernin Direct evidence of ‘sheets’ in the atmospheric temperature field, J. Atmos. Sci., Volume 51 (1994) no. 2, pp. 237-248 | DOI

[159] C. E. Coulman; J. Vernin; A. Fuchs Optical seeing—mechanism of formation of thin turbulent laminae in the atmosphere, Appl. Opt., Volume 34 (1995) no. 24, pp. 5461-5474 | DOI

[160] A. T. Young; G. W. Kattawar Sunset science. II. A useful diagram, Appl. Opt., Volume 37 (1998), pp. 3785-3792 | DOI

[161] A. T. Young O’Connell’s green flashes (https://aty.sdsu.edu/explain/observations/OConnell.html)

[162] R. A. Minzer A Status report on atmospheric density models and observations, GCA Corp., Bedford, 1966

[163] A. Toussaint Étude des performances d’un avion muni d’un moteur suralimenté, l’Aéronautique, Volume 1 (1919) no. 5, pp. 188-196

[164] W. R. Gregg The standard atmosphere, Monthly Weather Review, Volume 48 (1920), pp. 272-273

[165] P. W. White; J. Hoffman Earth Global Reference Atmospheric Model (Earth-GRAM): User Guide [NASA/TM-20210022157], NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, 2021

[166] M. E. Tschudin Refraction near the horizon – An empirical approach. Part 2: variability of astronomical refraction at low positive altitude (LPAAR), Observatory, Volume 139 (2019), pp. 29-68

[167] J. de Graaff Hunter Professional paper – No. 14: Formulæ for atmospheric refraction and their application to terrestrial refraction and geodesy, Survey of India, Dehra Dun, 1913

[168] E. Livieratos On the Refraction Problem of Ground Target Photography with Stellar Background as Applied in the 3-D Terrestrial Triangulation by Using Pure Satellite Triangulation Methods, Bollettino de Geodesia e Scienze Affini, Volume 35 (1976) no. 4, pp. 425-432

[169] C. A. Whitney; G. Veis A flashing satellite for geodetic studies, SAO Special Report (1958) no. 19, pp. 9-20

[170] S. C. McCluskey Archaeoastronomy and refraction near the earth’s surface, Journal for the History of Astronomy, Volume 48 (2017) no. 3, pp. 329-345 | DOI

[171] S. C. McCluskey Archaeoastronomical refraction reconsidered, Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, Volume 18 (2018) no. 4, pp. 477-484