Resonant analogue configurations in atomic condensates

Juan Ramón Muñoz de Nova; Pablo Fernández Palacios; Pedro  Alcázar Guerrero; Ivar Zapata; Fernando Sols

doi:10.5802/crphys.212

Article de synthèse

Resonant analogue configurations in atomic condensates
[Configurations analogues résonantes dans les condensats atomiques]

Juan Ramón Muñoz de Nova ¹ ; Pablo Fernández Palacios ² ; Pedro Alcázar Guerrero ^3,⁴ ; Ivar Zapata ⁵ ; Fernando Sols ¹

¹ Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
² Instituto de Energía Solar, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
³ Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
⁴ Department of Physics, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
⁵ mrHouston Tech Solutions, 28002 Madrid, Spain

Comptes Rendus. Physique, Online first (2024), pp. 1-63.

Résumé
Abstract

En guise de contribution à ce volume commémoratif, nous proposons une discussion approfondie des configurations résonnantes en gravité analogue, en nous concentrant sur leur mise en œuvre dans les condensats atomiques et en combinant une revue de la littérature avec des analyses et des calculs originaux. En particulier, nous analysons conjointement les analogues des effets Andreev et Hawking en utilisant une description microscopique basée sur l’approximation de Bogoliubov. Nous réalisons une étude détaillée de la thermalité des spectres d’Andreev et de Hawking pour les solutions canoniques de trous noirs, en constatant que les deux peuvent être décrits par une distribution de corps gris avec une très bonne approximation. Nous envisageons plusieurs scénarios résonants dont l’efficacité pour améliorer les processus de diffusion anormaux est comparée à celle de configurations non résonantes. La présence de signatures quantiques dans les configurations analogues, telles que la violation des inégalités de Cauchy–Schwarz ou l’intrication, est analysée. Nous observons que les configurations résonantes augmentent fortement le signal d’intrication, en particulier pour l’effet Andreev. Nous discutons également de la façon dont ces résultats ont servi d’inspiration pour le domaine en pleine expansion de l’information quantique dans les collisionneurs de haute énergie. Enfin, nous étudions la physique des lasers à trous noirs comme autres exemples de structures analogues résonantes, en distinguant trois étapes dans leur évolution temporelle. Pour les temps courts, nous calculons le spectre linéaire et non linéaire pour différents modèles. Pour les temps intermédiaires, nous généralisons l’analyse actuelle du croisement BHL–BCL. Pour les temps longs, nous discutons du concept émergent d’état de Floquet spontané et de ses implications potentielles.

As a contribution to a memorial volume, we provide a comprehensive discussion of resonant configurations in analogue gravity, focusing on its implementation in atomic condensates and combining review features with original insights and calculations. In particular, we jointly analyze the analogues of the Andreev and Hawking effects using a microscopic description based on the Bogoliubov approximation. We perform a detailed study of the thermality of the Andreev and Hawking spectra for canonical black-hole solutions, finding that both can be described by a gray-body distribution to a very good approximation. We contemplate several resonant scenarios whose efficiency to enhance anomalous scattering processes is compared to that of non-resonant setups. The presence of quantum signatures in analogue configurations, such as the violation of Cauchy–Schwarz inequalities or entanglement, is analyzed, observing that resonant configurations highly increase the entanglement signal, especially for the Andreev effect. We also discuss how these results have served as inspiration for the rapidly expanding field of quantum information in high-energy colliders. Finally, we study the physics of black-hole lasers as further examples of resonant analogue structures, distinguishing three stages in its time evolution. For short times, we compute the linear and non-linear spectrum for different models. For intermediate times, we generalize the current analysis of the BHL–BCL crossover. For long times, we discuss the emerging concept of spontaneous Floquet state and its potential implications.

Reçu le : 2024-06-03
Révisé le : 2024-08-02
Accepté le : 2024-10-01
Première publication : 2025-01-07

DOI : 10.5802/crphys.212

Keywords: Analog gravity, Quantum gases, Andreev processes, Quantum information, High-energy colliders, Time-crystals
Mots-clés : Gravité analogique, Gaz quantiques, Processus d’Andreev, Information quantique, Collisionneurs à haute énergie, Cristaux temporels

Affiliations des auteurs :

Juan Ramón Muñoz de Nova ¹ ; Pablo Fernández Palacios ² ; Pedro Alcázar Guerrero ^{3, 4} ; Ivar Zapata ⁵ ; Fernando Sols ¹

¹ Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
² Instituto de Energía Solar, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
³ Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
⁴ Department of Physics, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
⁵ mrHouston Tech Solutions, 28002 Madrid, Spain

Licence :

CC-BY 4.0

Droits d'auteur : Les auteurs conservent leurs droits

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     title = {Resonant analogue configurations in atomic condensates},
     journal = {Comptes Rendus. Physique},
     publisher = {Acad\'emie des sciences, Paris},
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Juan Ramón Muñoz de Nova; Pablo Fernández Palacios; Pedro  Alcázar Guerrero; Ivar Zapata; Fernando Sols. Resonant analogue configurations in atomic condensates. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Online first (2024), pp. 1-63. doi : 10.5802/crphys.212.

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