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Avant-propos
La vie et l’œuvre de Gérard Toulouse
Bernard Derrida1, 2   ; Marc Mézard3  ; Jean-Pierre Nadal2, 4  ; Yves Pomeau5
1 Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France
2 Laboratoire de Physique de l’ENS, LPENS, UMR 8023, CNRS - ENS Paris - PSL University - SU - Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
3 Department of Computing Sciences, Bocconi University, Milano, Italy
4 Centre d’Analyse et de Mathématique Sociales, CAMS, UMR 8557 CNRS-EHESS, École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, Paris, France
5 LadHyX, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 26 (2025), pp. 253-257.

Cet article fait partie du numéro thématique Gérard Toulouse, une vie de découvertes et d'engagement coordonné par Bernard Derrida et al..
Reçu le :
Accepté le :
Publié le :
DOI : 10.5802/crphys.240

Bernard Derrida 1, 2 ; Marc Mézard 3 ; Jean-Pierre Nadal 2, 4 ; Yves Pomeau 5

1 Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France
2 Laboratoire de Physique de l’ENS, LPENS, UMR 8023, CNRS - ENS Paris - PSL University - SU - Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
3 Department of Computing Sciences, Bocconi University, Milano, Italy
4 Centre d’Analyse et de Mathématique Sociales, CAMS, UMR 8557 CNRS-EHESS, École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, Paris, France
5 LadHyX, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
Licence : CC-BY 4.0
Droits d'auteur : Les auteurs conservent leurs droits 
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Bernard Derrida; Marc Mézard; Jean-Pierre Nadal; Yves Pomeau. La vie et l’œuvre de Gérard Toulouse. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 26 (2025), pp. 253-257. doi : 10.5802/crphys.240. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.5802/crphys.240/

[1] Y. Farge; G. Toulouse; M. Lambert Observation et étude d’un nouveau centre coloré dans le fluorure de lithium irradié : F + 3, J. Phys., Volume 27 (1966) no. 5–6, pp. 287-294 | DOI

[2] G. Toulouse; B. Coqblin Remarks on potential scattering and effective J values in the Kondo problem, Solid State Commun., Volume 7 (1969) no. 11, pp. 853-855 | DOI

[3] G. Toulouse Infinite-U Anderson hamiltonian for dilute alloys, Phys. Rev. B, Volume 2 (1970) no. 2, 270 | DOI

[4] E. Müller-Hartmann; T. V. Ramakrishnan; G. Toulouse Localized dynamic perturbations in metals, Phys. Rev. B, Volume 3 (1971) no. 4, 1102 | DOI

[5] M. Šunjic; G. Toulouse; A. A. Lucas Dynamical corrections to the image potential, Solid State Commun., Volume 11 (1972) no. 12, pp. 1629-1631 | DOI

[6] R. Balian; G. Toulouse Critical exponents for transitions with n = -2 components of the order parameter, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 30 (1973) no. 12, 544 | DOI

[7] R. Balian; G. Toulouse Phase transitions for one and zero dimensional systems with short-range forces, Ann. Phys., Volume 83 (1974) no. 1, pp. 28-70 | DOI

[8] P. Lacour-Gayet; G. Toulouse Ideal Bose Einstein condensation and disorder effects, J. Phys., Volume 35 (1974) no. 5, pp. 425-432 | DOI

[9] P. Pfeuty; G. Toulouse Introduction au groupe de renormalisation et à ses applications, Presses Universitaires de Grenoble, Grenoble, 1975

[10] P. Pfeuty; G. Toulouse Introduction to the Renormalization Group and to Critical Phenomena, Wiley, New York, 1977 (Translation of G. Barton)

[11] G. Toulouse; M. Kléman Principles of a classification of defects in ordered media, J. Phys. Lett., Volume 37 (1976), p. L149-L151 | DOI

[12] M. Kléman; L. Michel; G. Toulouse Classification of topologically stable defects in ordered media, J. Phys. Lett., Volume 38 (1977) no. 10, pp. 195-197 | DOI

[13] V. Poenaru; G. Toulouse The crossing of defects in ordered media and the topology of 3-manifolds, J. Phys., Volume 38 (1977) no. 8, pp. 887-895 | DOI

[14] G. Toulouse Pour les nématiques biaxes, J. Phys. Lett., Volume 38 (1977) no. 2, pp. 67-68 | DOI

[15] P. W. Anderson; G. Toulouse Phase slippage without vortex cores : vortex textures in superfluid He 3, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 38 (1977) no. 9, 508 | DOI

[16] Y. Bouligand; B. Derrida; V. Poenaru; Y. Pomeau; G. Toulouse Distortions with double topological character : the case of cholesterics, J. Phys., Volume 39 (1978) no. 8, pp. 863-867 | DOI

[17] B. Julia; G. Toulouse The many-defect problem : gauge-like variables for ordered media containing defects, J. Phys. Lett., Volume 40 (1979) no. 16, pp. 395-398 | DOI

[18] G. Toulouse; J. Bok Principe de moindre difficulté et structures hiérarchiques, Rev. Fr. Sociol., Volume 19 (1978) no. 3, pp. 391-406 | DOI

[19] Biology and Computation : A Physicist’s Choice (H. Gutfreund; G. Toulouse, eds.), World Scientific, Singapore, New Jersey, London, Hong Kong, 1994 | DOI

[20] G. Toulouse Theory of frustration in spin glasses. 1, Commun. Phys., Volume 2 (1977) no. 4, pp. 115-119 | DOI

[21] J. Vannimenus; G. Toulouse Theory of the frustration effect. II. Ising spins on a square lattice, J. Phys. C : Solid State Phys., Volume 10 (1977) no. 18, p. L537-L542 | DOI

[22] G. Toulouse; J. Vannimenus On the connection between spin glasses and gauge field theories, Phys. Rep., Volume 67 (1980) no. 1, pp. 47-54 | DOI

[23] B. Derrida; Y. Pomeau; G. Toulouse; J. Vannimenus Fully frustrated simple cubic lattices and the overblocking effect, J. Phys., Volume 40 (1979) no. 6, pp. 617-626 | DOI

[24] B. Derrida; Y. Pomeau; G. Toulouse; J. Vannimenus Fully frustrated simple cubic lattices and phase transitions, J. Phys., Volume 41 (1980) no. 3, pp. 213-221 | DOI

[25] G. Parisi; G. Toulouse A Simple hypothesis for the spin glass phase of the infinite-ranged SK model, J. Phys. Lett., Volume 41 (1980) no. 15, pp. 361-364 | DOI

[26] J. Vannimenus; G. Toulouse; G. Parisi Study of a simple hypothesis for the mean-field theory of spin-glasses, J. Phys., Volume 42 (1981) no. 4, pp. 565-571 | DOI

[27] G. Toulouse On the mean field theory of mixed spin glass-ferromagnetic phases, J. Phys. Lett., Volume 41 (1980) no. 18, pp. 447-449 | DOI

[28] M. Gabay; G. Toulouse Coexistence of spin-glass and ferromagnetic orderings, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 47 (1981) no. 3, 201 | DOI

[29] G. Toulouse; M. Gabay Mean field theory for Heisenberg spin glasses, J. Phys. Lett., Volume 42 (1981) no. 5, pp. 103-106 | DOI

[30] G. Toulouse; M. Gabay; T. C. Lubensky; J. Vannimenus On the order of the spin glass transitions in mean field theory, J. Phys. Lett., Volume 43 (1982) no. 4, pp. 109-113 | DOI

[31] M. Mézard; G. Parisi; N. Sourlas; G. Toulouse; M. Virasoro Nature of the spin-glass phase, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 52 (1984) no. 13, 1156 | DOI

[32] M. Mézard; G. Parisi; N. Sourlas; G. Toulouse; M. Virasoro Replica symmetry breaking and the nature of the spin glass phase, J. Phys., Volume 45 (1984) no. 5, pp. 843-854 | DOI | Zbl

[33] B. Derrida; G. Toulouse Sample to sample fluctuations in the random energy model, J. Phys. Lett., Volume 46 (1985) no. 6, pp. 223-228 | DOI

[34] R. Rammal; G. Toulouse; M. A. Virasoro Ultrametricity for physicists, Rev. Mod. Phys., Volume 58 (1986) no. 3, 765 | DOI

[35] S. Kirkpatrick; G. Toulouse Configuration space analysis of travelling salesman problems, J. Phys., Volume 46 (1985) no. 8, pp. 1277-1292 | DOI

[36] R. Rammal; G. Toulouse Spectrum of the Schrödinger equation on a self-similar structure, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 49 (1982) no. 16, 1194 | DOI

[37] R. Rammal; G. Toulouse Random walks on fractal structures and percolation clusters, J. Phys. Lett., Volume 44 (1983) no. 1, pp. 13-22 | DOI

[38] R. Rammal; G. Toulouse; J. Vannimenus Self-avoiding walks on fractal spaces : exact results and Flory approximation, J. Phys., Volume 45 (1984) no. 3, pp. 389-394 | DOI

[39] R. Rammal; T. C. Lubensky; G. Toulouse Superconducting networks in a magnetic field, Phys. Rev. B, Volume 27 (1983) no. 5, 2820 | DOI

[40] R. Rammal; G. Toulouse; M. T. Jaekel; B. I. Halperin Quantized Hall conductance and edge states : Two-dimensional strips with a periodic potential, Phys. Rev. B, Volume 27 (1983) no. 8, 5142 | DOI

[41] G. Toulouse; S. Dehaene; J.-P. Changeux Spin glass model of learning by selection, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., Volume 83 (1986) no. 6, pp. 1695-1698 | DOI

[42] J. P. Nadal; G. Toulouse; J. P. Changeux; S. Dehaene Networks of formal neurons and memory palimpsests, Europhys. Lett., Volume 1 (1986) no. 10, pp. 535-542 | DOI

[43] M. Mézard; J. P. Nadal; G. Toulouse Solvable models of working memories, J. Phys., Volume 47 (1986) no. 9, pp. 1457-1462 | DOI

[44] L. Personnaz; I. Guyon; G. Dreyfus; G. Toulouse A biologically constrained learning mechanism in networks of formal neurons, J. Stat. Phys., Volume 43 (1986), pp. 411-422 | DOI | Zbl

[45] J.-P. Nadal; G. Toulouse Information storage in sparsely coded memory nets, Netw. : Comput. Neural Syst., Volume 1 (1990) no. 1, pp. 61-74 | DOI | Zbl

[46] N. Brunel; J.-P. Nadal; G. Toulouse Information capacity of a perceptron, J. Phys. A : Math. Gen., Volume 25 (1992) no. 19, pp. 5017-5037 | DOI | Zbl

[47] Ill-Condensed Matter (R. Balian; R. Maynard; G. Toulouse, eds.), vol. 31, World Scientific, Singapore, New Jersey, London, Hong Kong, 1979 | DOI

[48] G. Toulouse Regards sur l’éthique des sciences, Hachette Littératures, Paris, 1998

[49] G. Toulouse Mirada sobre la ética de las ciencias, Ediciones del Laberinto, Madrid, 2003

[50] Les scientifiques et les droits de l’Homme (L. Koch-Miramond; G. Toulouse, eds.), Editions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme, Paris, 2003

[51] J. Brun; B. Derrida Notice sur Gérard Toulouse à paraitre dans l’Archicube, 2024 L’Archicube : revue de l’Association des anciens élèves, élèves et amis de l’École normale supérieure (to appear)

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