Cracking behavior and local stress characteristics around the opening surrounded by two intermittent joints: experiment and numerical simulation

Yuan-Chao Zhang; Yu-Jing Jiang; Xiao-Jie Tang; Miao Chen; Xin-Shuai Shi

doi:10.5802/crmeca.4

Rupture

Cracking behavior and local stress characteristics around the opening surrounded by two intermittent joints: experiment and numerical simulation

Yuan-Chao Zhang ¹; Yu-Jing Jiang ¹ ; Xiao-Jie Tang ²; Miao Chen ^3,⁴; Xin-Shuai Shi ⁴

¹ Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 8528521, Japan
² Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong kong, Hong kong, PR China
³ College of Mining and Safety Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China
⁴ State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, PR China

Comptes Rendus. Mécanique, Volume 348 (2020) no. 1, pp. 33-61.

Abstract

In this research, the Strength and deformation behaviors, cracking process, and local stress evolution of sandstone specimens containing a circular opening and two joints (called H-J sandstone specimens in this study) were researched by experiment and numerical simulation (two-dimension particle flow code). The effect of different joint positions around the opening has been specifically studied by changing the ligament angle ( $β$ ). The test results show that peak strength and peak strain firstly decrease then increase with the increasing $β$ , while the peak strain presents an overall upward trend. Three types of coalescence failure patterns between the opening and joints formed, and the corresponding cracking process and acoustic emission (AE) characteristics are highly related to the ligament angle. Based on the micro-parameters calibration, a good agreement was achieved between experimental and numerical simulation. The numerical results show that the local stress evolution around the opening is highly corresponding to the cracking process. The microcracks initiation and propagation cause obvious stress fluctuations, drops or increasements of minimum principal stress, while the cracks coalescence results in obvious reduction of maximum principal stress and drops of stress-strain curve. It also be found that the stress distribution and magnitude around the opening tend to be closely related to both coalescence failure and strength characteristics of H-J specimens. Finally, the cracking mechanism between the opening and joints was revealed based on particle displacement fields. The results show that different cracking mechanism may cause different local stress changes, which finally determines the overall mechanical behavior of specimens.

Received: 2019-06-18
Revised: 2019-08-22
Accepted: 2019-11-18
Published online: 2020-03-30

DOI: 10.5802/crmeca.4

Mots-clés : Sandstone, Opening, Joints, Cracking, Stress evolution, Particle flow code

Author's affiliations:

Yuan-Chao Zhang ¹; Yu-Jing Jiang ¹; Xiao-Jie Tang ²; Miao Chen ^{3, 4}; Xin-Shuai Shi ⁴

¹ Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 8528521, Japan
² Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong kong, Hong kong, PR China
³ College of Mining and Safety Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China
⁴ State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, PR China

License:

CC-BY 4.0

Copyrights: The authors retain unrestricted copyrights and publishing rights

@article{CRMECA_2020__348_1_33_0,
     author = {Yuan-Chao Zhang and Yu-Jing Jiang and Xiao-Jie Tang and Miao Chen and Xin-Shuai Shi},
     title = {Cracking behavior and local stress characteristics around the opening surrounded by two intermittent joints: experiment and numerical simulation},
     journal = {Comptes Rendus. M\'ecanique},
     pages = {33--61},
     publisher = {Acad\'emie des sciences, Paris},
     volume = {348},
     number = {1},
     year = {2020},
     doi = {10.5802/crmeca.4},
     language = {en},
}

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yuan-Chao Zhang
AU  - Yu-Jing Jiang
AU  - Xiao-Jie Tang
AU  - Miao Chen
AU  - Xin-Shuai Shi
TI  - Cracking behavior and local stress characteristics around the opening surrounded by two intermittent joints: experiment and numerical simulation
JO  - Comptes Rendus. Mécanique
PY  - 2020
SP  - 33
EP  - 61
VL  - 348
IS  - 1
PB  - Académie des sciences, Paris
DO  - 10.5802/crmeca.4
LA  - en
ID  - CRMECA_2020__348_1_33_0
ER  -

%0 Journal Article
%A Yuan-Chao Zhang
%A Yu-Jing Jiang
%A Xiao-Jie Tang
%A Miao Chen
%A Xin-Shuai Shi
%T Cracking behavior and local stress characteristics around the opening surrounded by two intermittent joints: experiment and numerical simulation
%J Comptes Rendus. Mécanique
%D 2020
%P 33-61
%V 348
%N 1
%I Académie des sciences, Paris
%R 10.5802/crmeca.4
%G en
%F CRMECA_2020__348_1_33_0

Yuan-Chao Zhang; Yu-Jing Jiang; Xiao-Jie Tang; Miao Chen; Xin-Shuai Shi. Cracking behavior and local stress characteristics around the opening surrounded by two intermittent joints: experiment and numerical simulation. Comptes Rendus. Mécanique, Volume 348 (2020) no. 1, pp. 33-61. doi : 10.5802/crmeca.4. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/mecanique/articles/10.5802/crmeca.4/

References
Cited by

[1] E. Hoek; E. T. Brown Practical estimates of rock mass strength, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., Volume 34 (1997), pp. 1165-1186 | DOI

[2] E. Z. Lajtai; B. J. Carter; E. J. S. Duncan En echelon crack-arrays in potash salt rock, Rock Mech. Rock Eng., Volume 27 (1994), pp. 89-111 | DOI

[3] E. Z. Lajtai Brittle fracture in compression, Int. J. Fracture, Volume 10 (1974), pp. 525-536 | DOI

[4] L. N. Y. Wong; H. H. Einstein Systematic evaluation of cracking behavior in specimens containing single flaws under uniaxial compression, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., Volume 46 (2009), pp. 239-249 | DOI

[5] R. H. C. Wong; K. T. Chau Crack coalescence in a rock-like material containing two cracks, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., Volume 35 (1998), pp. 147-164 | DOI

[6] P. Yin; R. H. C. Wong; K. T. Chau Coalescence of two parallel pre-existing surface cracks in granite, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., Volume 68 (2014), pp. 66-84 | DOI

[7] S. Q. Yang; X. R. Liu; H. W. Jing Experimental investigation on fracture coalescence behavior of red sandstone containing two unparallel fissures under uniaxial compression, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., Volume 63 (2013), pp. 82-92 | DOI

[8] X. P. Zhang; Q. S. Liu; S. C. Wu; X. H. Tang Crack coalescence between two non-parallel flaws in rock-like material under uniaxial compression, Eng. Geol., Volume 199 (2015), pp. 74-90 | DOI

[9] S. Q. Yang Crack coalescence behavior of brittle sandstone samples containing two coplanar fissures in the process of deformation failure, Eng. Fract. Mech., Volume 78 (2011), pp. 3059-3081 | DOI

[10] L. N. Y. Wong; H. Q. Li Numerical study on coalescence of two pre-existing coplanar flaws in rock, Int. J. Solids Struct., Volume 50 (2013), pp. 3685-3706 | DOI

[11] M. Prudencio; M. V. S. Jan Strength and failure modes of rock mass models with non-persistent joints, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., Volume 44 (2007), pp. 890-902 | DOI

[12] M. Chen; S. Q. Yang; P. G. Ranjith; W. D. Yang; P. F. Yin; Y. C. Zhang; Q. Y. Zhang Fracture processes of rock-like specimens containing nonpersistent fissures under uniaxial compression, Energies, Volume 12 (2018), 79 pages | DOI

[13] E. Z. Lajtai; B. J. Carter; E. J. S. Duncan Mapping the state of fracture around cavities, Eng. Geol., Volume 31 (1991), pp. 277-289 | DOI

[14] C. D. Martin; R. S. Read; J. B. Martino Observations of brittle failure around a circular test tunnel, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., Volume 34 (1997), pp. 1065-1073 | DOI

[15] S. Jeon; J. Kim; Y. Seo; C. Hong Effect of a fault and weak plane on the stability of a tunnel in rock-a scaled model test and numerical analysis, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., Volume 41 (2004), pp. 658-663 | DOI

[16] Y. H. Hao; R. Azzam The plastic zones and displacements around underground openings in rock masses containing a fault, Tunn. Undergr. Space Technol., Volume 20 (2005), pp. 49-61 | DOI

[17] S. Yan; J. B. Bai; W. F. Li; J. G. Chen; L. Li Deformation mechanism and stability control of roadway along a fault subjected to mining, Int. J. Min. Sci. Technol., Volume 22 (2012), pp. 559-565 | DOI

[18] M. Sagong; D. Park; J. Yoo; J. S. Lee Experimental and numerical analyses of an opening in a jointed rock mass under biaxial compression, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., Volume 48 (2011), pp. 1055-1067 | DOI

[19] S. Q. Yang; T. Xu; L. He; H. W. Jing; S. Wen; Q. L. Yu Numerical study on failure behavior of brittle rock specimen containing pre-existing combined flaws under different confining pressure, Arch. Civ. Mech. Eng., Volume 15 (2015), pp. 1085-1097 | DOI

[20] T. Liu; B. Q. Lin; W. Yang; Q. L. Zou; J. Kong; F. Z. Yan Cracking process and stress field evolution in specimen containing combined flaw under uniaxial compression, Rock Mech. Rock Eng., Volume 49 (2016), pp. 3095-3113 | DOI

[21] X. Fan; K. H. Li; H. P. Lai; Y. L. Xie; R. H. Cao; J. Zheng Internal stress distribution and cracking around flaws and openings of rock block under uniaxial compression: A particle mechanics approach, Comput. Geotech., Volume 102 (2018), pp. 28-38 | DOI

[22] F. Feng; X. B. Li; J. Rostami; D. Y. Li Modeling hard rock failure induced by structural planes around deep circular tunnels, Eng. Fract. Mech., Volume 205 (2019), pp. 152-174 | DOI

[23] R. H. C. Wong; P. Lin; C. A. Tang; K. T. Chau Creeping damage around an opening in rock-like material containing non-persistent joints, Eng. Fract. Mech., Volume 69 (2002), pp. 2015-2027 | DOI

[24] F. Chen; Z. Sun; J. Xu Mode i fracture analysis of the double edge cracked brazilian disk using a weight function method, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., Volume 3 (2001), pp. 475-479 | DOI

[25] L. Tutluoglu; C. Keles Mode i fracture toughness determination with straight notched disk bending method, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., Volume 48 (2011), pp. 1248-1261 | DOI

[26] C. S. Chen; P. Ernian; A. Bernard Fracture mechanics analysis of cracked discs of anisotropic rock using the boundary element method, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., Volume 35 (1998), pp. 195-218 | DOI

[27] C. C. Ke; C. S. Chen; C. H. Tu Determination of fracture toughness of anisotropic rocks by boundary element method, Rock Mech. Rock Eng., Volume 41 (2006), pp. 509-538

[28] C. A. Tang; R. H. C. Wong; K. T. Chau; P. Lin Modeling of compression-induced splitting failure in heterogeneous brittle porous solids, Eng. Fract. Mech., Volume 72 (2005), pp. 597-615 | DOI

[29] R. H. C. Wong; P. Lin; C. A. Tang Experimental and numerical study on splitting failure of brittle solids containing single pore under uniaxial compression, Mech. Mater., Volume 38 (2006), pp. 142-159 | DOI

[30] T. Xu; P. G. Ranjith; P. L. P. Wasantha; J. Zhao; C. A. Tang; W. C. Zhu Influence of the geometry of partially-spanning joints on mechanical properties of rock in uniaxial compression, Eng. Geol., Volume 167 (2013), pp. 134-147 | DOI

[31] P. A. Cundall A computer model for simulating progressive large scale movements in blocky rock systems, Proceedings of the Symposium of International Society of Rock Mechanics, Nancy, France, Volume 1, Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM), 1971 (II-8)

[32] P. A. Cundall; O. D. L. Strack A discrete numerical model for granular assemblies, Geotechnique, Volume 29 (1979), pp. 47-65 | DOI

[33] D. O. Potyondy; P. A. Cundall A bonded-particle model for rock, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., Volume 41 (2004), pp. 1329-1364 | DOI

[34] N. Cho; C. D. Martin; D. C. Sego A clumped particle model for rock, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., Volume 44 (2007), pp. 997-1010 | DOI

[35] M. Bahaaddini; P. C. Hagan; R. Mitra; B. K. Hebblewhite Parametric study of smooth joint parameters on the shear behaviour of rock joints, Rock Mech. Rock Eng., Volume 48 (2015), pp. 923-940 | DOI

[36] S. Q. Yang; M. Chen; H. W. Jing; K. F. Chen; B. Meng A case study on large deformation failure mechanism of deep soft rock roadway in Xin’ An coal mine, China, Eng. Geol., Volume 217 (2017), pp. 89-101 | DOI

[37] X. L. Zhang; Y. Y. Jiao; J. Zhao Simulation of failure process of jointed rock, J. Cent. South Univ. Technol., Volume 15 (2008), pp. 888-894 | DOI

[38] Y. S. Xie; P. Cao; J. Liu; L. W. Dong Influence of crack surface friction on crack initiation and propagation: A numerical investigation based on extended finite element method, Comput. Geotech., Volume 74 (2016), pp. 1-14 | DOI

[39] X. P. Zhang; L. N. Y. Wong Cracking processes in rock-like material containing a single flaw under uniaxial compression: A numerical study based on parallel bonded-particle model approach, Rock Mech. Rock Eng., Volume 45 (2011), pp. 711-737

[40] J. Jin; P. Cao; Y. Chen; C. Z. Pu; D. W. Mao; X. Fan Influence of single flaw on the failure process and energy mechanics of rock-like material, Comput. Geotech., Volume 86 (2017), pp. 150-162 | DOI

[41] S. Q. Yang; Y. H. Huang Failure behaviour of rock-like materials containing two pre-existing unparallel flaws: An insight from particle flow modeling, Eur. J. Environ. Civ. Eng., Volume 22 (2018), p. s57-s78 | DOI

[42] X. Fan; P. H. S. W. Kulatilake; X. Chen Mechanical behavior of rock-like jointed blocks with multi-non-persistent joints under uniaxial loading: A particle mechanics approach, Eng. Geol., Volume 190 (2015), pp. 17-32 | DOI

[43] C. Cheng; X. Chen; S. F. Zhang Multi-peak deformation behavior of jointed rock mass under uniaxial compression: Insight from particle flow modeling, Eng. Geol., Volume 213 (2016), pp. 25-45 | DOI

[44] X. X. Yang; H. W. Jing; K. F. Chen; S. Q. Yang Failure behavior around a circular opening in a rock mass with non-persistent joints: A parallel-bond stress corrosion approach, J. Cent. South Univ., Volume 24 (2017), pp. 2406-2420 | DOI

[45] S. Q. Yang; P. F. Yin; Y. C. Zhang; M. Chen; X. P. Zhou; H. W. Jing; Q. Y. Zhang Failure behavior and crack evolution mechanism of a non-persistent jointed rock mass containing a circular hole, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., Volume 114 (2019), pp. 101-121 | DOI

[46] Y. H. Huang; S. Q. Yang; M. R. Hall; W. L. Tian; P. F. Yin Experimental study on uniaxial mechanical properties and crack propagation in sandstone containing a single oval cavity, Arch. Civ. Mech. Eng., Volume 18 (2018), pp. 1359-1373 | DOI

[47] Y. H. Huang; S. Q. Yang; P. G. Ranjith; J. Zhao Strength failure behavior and crack evolution mechanism of granite containing pre-existing non- coplanar holes: experimental study and particle flow modeling, Comput. Geotech., Volume 88 (2017), pp. 182-198 | DOI

Cited by Sources:

Comments - Policy