X-Ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy at the European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL) facility

Gerhard Grübel

doi:10.1016/j.crhy.2007.04.006

X-Ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy at the European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL) facility
[Spectroscopie de corrélation de photons X (XPCS) à l'installation européenne de laser aux électrons libres (XFEL)]

Gerhard Grübel ¹

¹ Hasylab/DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany

Comptes Rendus. Physique, Synchrotron x-rays and condensed matter, Volume 9 (2008) no. 5-6, pp. 668-680.

Résumé
Abstract

La source européenne laser de rayons X aux électrons libres (XFEL) proposée fournira un faisceau de rayons X extrêmement brillant ( $B > 10^{33} ph / s / {mm}^{2} / {mrad}^{2} / 0.1 %$ bw) et cohérent. Grâce à la structure pulsée et à la forte brillance du faisceau, il sera possible d'étudier pour la première fois des dynamiques très rapides dans le domaine temporel. Ainsi, la fonction temporelle dynamique $S (Q, t)$ sera directement accessible ce qui est d'une importance capitale pour de nombreux phénomènes tels que les dynamiques rapides hors-équilibres. Comme la spectroscopie de corrélation de photons X (XPCS) permet de mesurer au cours du temps les figures d'interférences de la lumière diffusée, obtenues avec un faisceau cohérent et un système désordonné, $S (Q, t)$ peut être immédiatement déduite avec cette technique. Cet article résume les aspects scientifiques importants pour la construction d'un instrument XPCS dans le cadre du projet XFEL ; les nouveaux dispositifs d'XPCS prenant en compte la structure pulsée de l'XFEL seront en particulier décrits.

The proposed European X-ray Free-Electron Laser source (XFEL) will provide extremely brilliant ( $B > 10^{33}$ ph/s/mm²/mrad²/0.1% bw) and highly coherent X-ray beams. Due to the pulse structure and the unprecedented brightness one will be able for the first time to study fast dynamics in the time domain, thus giving direct access to the dynamic response function $S (Q, t)$ , instead of $S (Q, ω)$ , which is of central importance for a variety of phenomena such as fast non-equilibrium dynamics. X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (XPCS) measures the temporal changes in a speckle pattern produced when coherent light is scattered by a disordered system and therefore allows the measurement of $S (Q, t)$ . This article summarizes important aspects of the scientific case for an XPCS instrument at the planned XFEL. New XPCS setups taking account of the XFEL pulse structure are described.

Publié le : 2007-11-07

DOI : 10.1016/j.crhy.2007.04.006

Keywords: X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (XPCS), X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL), X-ray speckles, Time-domain dynamics
Mots-clés : Spectroscopie de corrélation de photons X, Laser de rayons X aux électrons libres, Figures d'interférences

Affiliations des auteurs :

Gerhard Grübel ¹

¹ Hasylab/DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany

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Gerhard Grübel. X-Ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy at the European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL) facility. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Synchrotron x-rays and condensed matter, Volume 9 (2008) no. 5-6, pp. 668-680. doi : 10.1016/j.crhy.2007.04.006. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/j.crhy.2007.04.006/

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