Modern leaves, the energy factories of plants, are the products of a 400-million-year evolutionary race towards improved efficiency and robustness. As such they have evolved two sophisticated transport systems, the xylem and the phloem, which irrigate the surface of the leaf blade, distribute water and nutrients, and collect the products of photosynthesis. In this review, we discuss the development and function of these two networks. Additionally, with a focus on the global topological and architectural features, we present an overview of the evolution of reticulation through the lens of transport network optimization theory and analyze some aspects of the physics of flow.
Les feuilles actuelles, les centrales énergétiques des plantes, sont la résultante d'une course de 400 millions d'années vers une efficacité et une robustesse accrues. En tant que telles, elles ont développé deux systèmes de transport sophistiqués, le xylème et le phloème, qui irriguent la surface du limbe de la feuille, distribuent l'eau et les nutriments, et recueillent les produits de la photosynthèse. Dans cette revue, nous discutons le développement et le fonctionnement de ces deux réseaux. En outre, en mettant l'accent sur leurs caractéristiques topologiques et architecturales globales, nous présentons un aperçu de l'évolution de la réticulation à travers l'optique de la théorie de l'optimisation des réseaux de transport et analysons certains aspects de la physique des flux.
Mots-clés : Feuilles des plantes, Réseaux, Optimisation
Eleni Katifori 1
@article{CRPHYS_2018__19_4_244_0,
author = {Eleni Katifori},
title = {The transport network of a leaf},
journal = {Comptes Rendus. Physique},
pages = {244--252},
publisher = {Elsevier},
volume = {19},
number = {4},
year = {2018},
doi = {10.1016/j.crhy.2018.10.007},
language = {en},
}
Eleni Katifori. The transport network of a leaf. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Spatial networks / Réseaux spatiaux, Volume 19 (2018) no. 4, pp. 244-252. doi : 10.1016/j.crhy.2018.10.007. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/j.crhy.2018.10.007/
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