Decoherence of Schrödinger cat states in light of wave/particle duality

Themistoklis K. Mavrogordatos

doi:10.5802/crphys.271

Article de recherche

Decoherence of Schrödinger cat states in light of wave/particle duality
[Décohérence des états du chat de Schrödinger à la lumière de la dualité onde/particule]

Themistoklis K. Mavrogordatos ¹

¹Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, SE 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden

Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 27 (2026), pp. 17-40

Abstract (VO)
Résumé

We challenge the standard picture of decohering Schrödinger cat states as an ensemble average obeying a Lindblad master equation, brought about locally from an irreversible interaction with an environment. We generate self-consistent collections of pure system states correlated with specific environmental records, corresponding to the function of the wave-particle correlator first introduced in Carmichael et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 (2000)]. In the spirit of Carmichael et al. [in Coherent States: Past, Present and Future, World Scientific, 1994], we find that the complementary unravelings evince a pronounced disparity when the “position” and “momentum” of the damped cavity mode — an explicitly open quantum system — are measured. Intensity-field correlations may largely deviate from a monotonic decay, while Wigner functions of the cavity state display contrasting manifestations of quantum interference when conditioned on photon counts sampling a continuous photocurrent. In turn, the conditional photodetection events mark the contextual diffusion of both the net charge generated at the homodyne detector, and the electromagnetic field amplitude in the resonator.

Nous remettons en question l’image standard des états décohérents du chat de Schrödinger, considérés comme une moyenne d’ensemble obéissant à une équation maîtresse de Lindblad, générée localement par une interaction irréversible avec un environnement. Nous générons des collections auto-cohérentes d’états de systèmes purs corrélés à des enregistrements environnementaux spécifiques, correspondant à la fonction du corrélateur onde-particule introduite pour la première fois par Carmichael et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 (2000)]. Dans l’esprit de Carmichael et al. [dans Coherent States : Past, Present and Future, World Scientific, 1994], nous constatons que les démêlages complémentaires présentent une disparité prononcée lorsque la « position » et la « quantité de mouvement » du mode de cavité amorti — un système quantique explicitement ouvert — sont mesurées. Les corrélations intensité-champ peuvent s’écarter largement d’une décroissance monotone, tandis que les fonctions de Wigner de l’état de cavité présentent des manifestations contrastées d’interférence quantique lorsqu’elles sont conditionnées par le comptage de photons échantillonnant un photocourant continu. À leur tour, les événements de photodétection conditionnels marquent la diffusion contextuelle de la charge nette générée au niveau du détecteur homodyne et de l’amplitude du champ électromagnétique dans le résonateur.

Reçu le : 2025-09-01
Révisé le : 2025-12-21
Accepté le : 2025-12-22
Publié le : 2026-01-19

DOI : 10.5802/crphys.271

Keywords: Schrödinger cat states, wave/particle duality, conditional homodyne detection, amplitude and phase diffusion, quantum trajectories, Fokker–Planck equation, quantum Monte Carlo algorithm
Mots-clés : États du chat de Schrödinger, dualité onde/particule, détection homodyne conditionnelle, amplitude de diffusion et diffusion de phase, trajectoires quantiques, équation de Fokker–Planck, algorithme de Monte Carlo quantique

Affiliations des auteurs :

Themistoklis K. Mavrogordatos ¹

¹ Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, SE 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden

Licence :

CC-BY 4.0

Droits d'auteur : Les auteurs conservent leurs droits

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     title = {Decoherence of {Schr\"odinger} cat states in light of wave/particle duality},
     journal = {Comptes Rendus. Physique},
     pages = {17--40},
     year = {2026},
     publisher = {Acad\'emie des sciences, Paris},
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     doi = {10.5802/crphys.271},
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Themistoklis K. Mavrogordatos. Decoherence of Schrödinger cat states in light of wave/particle duality. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 27 (2026), pp. 17-40. doi: 10.5802/crphys.271

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