[Force dynamique des membranes fluides]
Rupturing fluid membrane vesicles with a steady ramp of micropipette suction yields a tension distribution that images the kinetic process of membrane failure. When plotted on a log scale of tension loading rate, the distribution peaks (membrane strengths) define a dynamic tension spectrum with distinct regimes that reflect passage of prominent energy barriers along the pathway to rupture. Demonstrated here by tests on giant PC lipid vesicles over loading rates from 0.06–60 mN/m/s, the stochastic process of rupture can be modelled as a causal sequence of two thermally-activated transitions where each transition governs membrane strength on separate scales of loading rate. Under fast ramps of tension, a steep linear regime appears in each spectrum at high strengths which implies that failure requires nucleation of a rare nanoscale defect. The slope and projected intercept yield defect size and spontaneous production rate respectively. However, under slow ramps of loading, the spectrum crosses over to a shallow-curved regime at lower strength, which is consistent with the kinetic impedance to opening an unstable hole in a fluid film. The dependence of rupture tension on rate reveals hole edge energy and frequency scale for thermal fluctuations in size.
La rupture de vésicules membranaires fluides sous différentes rampes de succion appliquées à l'aide de micropipettes génère des distributions de tension qui révèlent un processus cinétique de rupture membranaire. Le spectre dynamique exprimant la tension de rupture en fonction de la vitesse de succion (taux de charge) en échelle logarithmique met en évidence les barrières d'énergie qui empêchent la rupture et limitent la perméation spontanée. Les expériences réalisées sur des vésicules lipidiques géantes pour des taux de charge de 0,06–60 mN/m/s montrent que la résistance de la membrane est gouvernée par deux transitions thermiquement activées. Pour les résistances les plus élevées sous des vitesses de succion rapides, un régime linéaire dans le spectre est dominé par une nucléation initiale de défauts à une échelle nanoscopique. La pente et l'intersection avec l'axe des abscisses permettent de déduire respectivement de la taille du défaut et de la vitesse spontanée. A de plus faibles tensions de rupture sous de faibles taux de charge, un régime de faible courbure dans le spectre est dominé par le processus mésoscopique d'ouverture d'un pore pour lequel l'échelle des tensions révèle une énergie de ligne.
Mots-clés : Rupture et perméation des membranes, Barrière d'énergie-tension de rupture, Spectroscopie de la tension dynamique
Evan Evans 1, 2 ; Volkmar Heinrich 2
@article{CRPHYS_2003__4_2_265_0,
author = {Evan Evans and Volkmar Heinrich},
title = {Dynamic strength of fluid membranes},
journal = {Comptes Rendus. Physique},
pages = {265--274},
publisher = {Elsevier},
volume = {4},
number = {2},
year = {2003},
doi = {10.1016/S1631-0705(03)00044-6},
language = {en},
}
Evan Evans; Volkmar Heinrich. Dynamic strength of fluid membranes. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 4 (2003) no. 2, pp. 265-274. doi : 10.1016/S1631-0705(03)00044-6. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/S1631-0705(03)00044-6/
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