[Enjeux et avancées des circuits photoniques intégrés]
L'idée des circuits photoniques intégrés (PICs) apparue dans les années 1970 a connu des premières réalisations à partir des années 1980 avec par exemple le premier laser – modulateur. Mais récemment, en raison d'une part de la demande pour des débits élevés (100 Gb/s) avec des coûts et une consommation toujours plus faibles, et d'autre part de la maturité des procédés de fabrication des composants optoélectroniques semi-conducteurs, des PICs extrêmement complexes sont développés, et produits industriellement. Cette intégration dense représente un saut technologique important, et a un fort impact sur les systèmes de communications optiques avec par exemple la possibilité de nouveaux formats de modulation, ou de nœuds optiques / électroniques / optiques à un coût abordable. Cet article présente les défis technologiques liés aux PICs, et les principales réalisations.
The idea of Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs) appeared in the 1970s, had first achievements in the 1980s with, for example, a laser–modulator. However, recently, due to the demand for increasing bandwidth (100 Gb/s) at lower cost and consumption, and due to semiconductor optoelectronics processing maturity, extremely complex PICs have been developed and industrially produced. This dense integration is an important technological breakthrough, and has a strong impact on optical communication systems with for example cost-effective O/E/O nodes, or transmissions with new modulation formats. This article presents the technological challenges related to PICs, and the major realizations made, up to today.
Mot clés : Circuit photonique intégré
@article{CRPHYS_2008__9_9-10_1055_0,
author = {H\'el\`ene Debr\'egeas-Sillard and Christophe Kazmierski},
title = {Challenges and advances of photonic integrated circuits},
journal = {Comptes Rendus. Physique},
pages = {1055--1066},
publisher = {Elsevier},
volume = {9},
number = {9-10},
year = {2008},
doi = {10.1016/j.crhy.2008.10.004},
language = {en},
}
Hélène Debrégeas-Sillard; Christophe Kazmierski. Challenges and advances of photonic integrated circuits. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 9 (2008) no. 9-10, pp. 1055-1066. doi : 10.1016/j.crhy.2008.10.004. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/j.crhy.2008.10.004/
[1] Heavy Reading, Photonic integration & the future of optical networking, vol. 6, No. 3, March 2008
[2] Optical multi-mode interference devices based on self-imaging: principles and applications, Journal of Lightwave Technology, Volume 13 ( April 1995 ) no. 4 (invited paper)
[3] et al. Monolithically integrated active components: a quantum-well intermixing approach, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, Volume 11 ( March/April 2005 ) no. 2
[4] et al. Modeling and characterization of AlGaInAs and related materials using selective area growth by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy, Journal of Crystal Growth, Volume 298 (2007), pp. 28-31
[5] C.R. Doerr, InP-based photonic devices, in: Optical Fiber Communication Conference 2008, tutorial OWE3
[6] et al. Monolithic integration of InGaAsP/InP distributed feedback laser and electroabsorption modulator by vapour phase epitaxy, Journal of Lightwave Technology LT-, Volume 5 ( September 1987 ) no. 9
[7] et al. High-speed low-loss Schottky-i-n InP-based optical modulator for RF photonics, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Volume 19 ( March 2007 ) no. 5
[8] C. Jany et al., Semi-insulating buried heterostructure 1.55 μm InGaAlAs electro-absorption modulated laser with 60 GHz bandwidth, in: European Conference on Optical Communication 2007, PD2.7
[9] et al. Widely tunable electroabsorption-modulated sampled grating DBR laser transmitter, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, Volume 8 ( November/December 2002 ) no. 6
[10] et al. A widely tunable high-speed transmitter using an integrated SGDBR laser-semiconductor optical amplifier and Mach–Zehnder modulator, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, Volume 9 ( September/October 2003 ) no. 5
[11] et al. High-performance tunable 1.5 μm InGaAs/InGaAsP multiple quantum well distributed Bragg reflector lasers, Applied Physics Letters, Volume 53 (1988), pp. 1036-1038
[12] et al. DBR module with 20 mW constant coupled output power, over 16 nm (40 channels 50 GHz spaced), IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Volume 13 ( January 2001 ) no. 1, pp. 4-6
[13] et al. Design of sampled grating DBR lasers with integrated semiconductor optical amplifiers, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Volume 12 ( July 2000 ) no. 7, pp. 762-764
[14] et al. Widely tunable DS-DBR laser with monolithically integrated SOA: design and performance, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, Volume 11 ( January/February 2005 ) no. 1
[15] J.-O. Wesström et al., Design of a widely tunable modulated grating Y-branch laser using the additive Vernier effect for improved super-mode selection, in: International Semiconductor Laser Conference 2002, TuP16
[16] H. Debrégeas-Sillard et al., More than 40 nm tuning DBR-MMI-SOA with only one Bragg current control compatible with fast switching, European Conference on Optical Communication 2007, paper 9.2.4
[17] H. Ishii et al., High-power (40 mW) full C-band wavelength tunable DFB laser array integrated with Funnel combiner, International Semiconductor Laser Conference 2006, TuA4
[18] et al. Widely tunable multichannel grating cavity laser, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Volume 18 ( August 2006 ) no. 16, pp. 1699-1701
[19] et al. 40-wavelength rapidly digitally tunable laser, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Volume 11 ( November 1999 ) no. 11, pp. 1348-1350
[20] et al. Compact digitally tunable laser, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Volume 15 ( February 2003 ) no. 2, pp. 182-184
[21] et al. Large-scale photonic integrated circuits, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, Volume 11 ( January/February 2005 ) no. 1, pp. 50-65
[22] et al. Large-scale InP photonic integrated circuits: enabling efficient scaling of optical transport networks, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, Volume 13 ( January/February 2007 ) no. 1, pp. 22-31
[23] T. Kawanishi et al., 80 Gb/s DQPSK modulator, in: Optical Fiber Communication Conference 2007, OWH5
[24] M. Kato et al., InP integrated photonic circuits for digital optical networking, in: Opto-Electronics and Communications Conference 2008
[25] C.R. Doerr et al., Compact EAM-based InP DQPSK modulator and demonstration at 80 Gb/s, in: Optical Fiber Communication Conference 2007, PDP33
[26] C.R. Doerr, et al., Monolithic InP DQPSK 53.5 Gb/s receiver, in: European Conference on Optical Communications 2007, PD2.9
[27] et al. Monolithic wavelength converters for high-speed packet-switched optical networks, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, Volume 13 ( January/February 2007 ) no. 1, pp. 49-57
[28] J.W. Raring et al., Single-chip 40 Gb/s widely-tunable transceiver with integrated SG-DBR laser, QW EAM, UTC photodiode, and low confinement SOA, in: International Semiconductor Laser Conference 2006
[29] et al. Novel geometry for an integrated channel selector, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, Volume 8 ( November/December 2002 ) no. 6, pp. 1211-1214
[30] R. Broeke et al., All-optical wavelength converter with a monolithically integrated digitally tunable laser, in: European Conference on Optical Communication 2002, PD3.2
Cité par Sources :
Commentaires - Politique
Science and technology challenges in XXIst century optical communications
E. Desurvire; C. Kazmierski; F. Lelarge; ...
C. R. Phys (2011)
Coherent detection associated with digital signal processing for fiber optics communication
Gabriel Charlet
C. R. Phys (2008)