Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are extra-galactic and extremely energetic transient emissions of gamma rays, which are thought to be associated with the death of massive stars or the merger of compact objects in binary systems. Their huge luminosities involve the presence of a newborn stellar-mass black hole emitting a relativistic collimated outflow, which accelerates particles and produces non-thermal emissions from the radio domain to the highest energies. In this article, I review recent progresses in the understanding of GRB jet physics above 100 MeV, based on Fermi observations of bright GRBs. I discuss the physical implications of these observations and their impact on GRB modeling, and I present some prospects for GRB observation at very high energies in the near future.
Les sursauts gamma sont des phénomènes explosifs extrêmement énergétiques et des émissions transitoires de rayonnement gamma d'origine extra-galactique. Ils sont associés à la fin de vie d'étoiles massives ou à la fusion d'objets compacts d'un même système binaire. Leur grande luminosité implique la présence d'un trou noir de masse stellaire nouvellement formé émettant un écoulement relativiste collimaté qui accélère les particules et produit une émission non thermique du domaine radio jusqu'aux plus hautes énergies. Dans cet article, je passe en revue les progrès récents dans la compréhension de la physique des jets de sursauts gamma au-dessus de 100 MeV, sur la base d'observations de sursauts brillants avec Fermi. Je discute les implications physiques immédiates de ces observations et leurs conséquences sur la modélisation, et je présente les perspectives pour l'observation de sursauts gamma aux très hautes énergies dans les années à venir.
Mot clés : Astronomie gamma, Sursauts gamma, Jets relativistes
Frédéric Piron 1
@article{CRPHYS_2016__17_6_617_0,
author = {Fr\'ed\'eric Piron},
title = {Gamma-ray bursts at high and very high energies},
journal = {Comptes Rendus. Physique},
pages = {617--631},
publisher = {Elsevier},
volume = {17},
number = {6},
year = {2016},
doi = {10.1016/j.crhy.2016.04.005},
language = {en},
}
Frédéric Piron. Gamma-ray bursts at high and very high energies. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 17 (2016) no. 6, pp. 617-631. doi : 10.1016/j.crhy.2016.04.005. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/j.crhy.2016.04.005/
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