Connected correlations in cold atom experiments

Thomas Chalopin; Igor Ferrier-Barbut; Thierry Lahaye; Antoine Browaeys; David Clément

doi:10.5802/crphys.274

Article de recherche

Connected correlations in cold atom experiments
[Corrélations connectées dans les expériences d’atomes froids]

Thomas Chalopin ¹ ; Igor Ferrier-Barbut ¹ ; Thierry Lahaye ¹ ; Antoine Browaeys ¹ ; David Clément ¹

¹Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, 91127 Palaiseau, France

Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 27 (2026), pp. 65-89

Cet article fait partie du numéro thématique Mesures quantiques coordonné par David Clément et al..

Abstract (VO)
Résumé

The recent development of single-atom-resolved probes has made full counting statistics measurements accessible in quantum gas experiments. This capability provides access to high-order moments of physical observables, from which cumulants, or equivalently connected correlations, can be precisely determined. Through a selection of recent cold atom experiments, this article illustrates the significance of connected correlations in characterizing ensembles of interacting quantum particles. First, non-zero connected correlations of order n>2 unambiguously identify non-Gaussian quantum states. Second, connected correlations of order n identify clusters made of n elements whose statistical properties are irreducible to combinations of smaller clusters. The ability to identify such multi-particle clusters offers an interesting perspective on strongly correlated quantum states of matter at the microscopic scale.

Le développement récent de méthodes expérimentales permettant de détecter les atomes un par un a rendu possible la mesure des statistiques de comptage dans les expériences de gaz quantiques. Cette capacité permet d’accéder aux moments d’ordre élevé d’observables physiques, à partir desquels les cumulants, ou de manière équivalente les corrélations connectées, peuvent être précisément déterminés. À travers une sélection d’expériences récentes utilisant des atomes froids, cet article illustre l’importance des corrélations connectées pour caractériser des ensembles de particules quantiques en interaction. Premièrement, des corrélations connectées non nulles d’ordre n>2 identifient sans ambiguïté des états quantiques non gaussiens. Deuxièmement, les corrélations connectées d’ordre n identifient des sous-ensembles composés de n éléments dont les propriétés statistiques ne peuvent pas être comprises par des combinaisons d’ensembles plus petites. La capacité d’identifier de tels ensembles à n-corps offre un point de vue intéressant sur la matière fortement corrélée à l’échelle microscopique.

Reçu le : 2025-10-31
Révisé le : 2026-01-20
Accepté le : 2026-02-03
Publié le : 2026-02-25

DOI : 10.5802/crphys.274

Keywords: Ultracold atoms, strongly correlated matter, connected correlations, non-Gaussian states
Mots-clés : Atomes ultrafroids, matière fortement corrélée, corrélations connectées, états non gaussiens

Note : Article soumis sur invitation

Affiliations des auteurs :

Thomas Chalopin ¹ ; Igor Ferrier-Barbut ¹ ; Thierry Lahaye ¹ ; Antoine Browaeys ¹ ; David Clément ¹

¹ Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, 91127 Palaiseau, France

Licence :

CC-BY 4.0

Droits d'auteur : Les auteurs conservent leurs droits

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Thomas Chalopin; Igor Ferrier-Barbut; Thierry Lahaye; Antoine Browaeys; David Clément. Connected correlations in cold atom experiments. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 27 (2026), pp. 65-89. doi: 10.5802/crphys.274

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