[Diffraction des rayons X et matériaux hétérogènes : une approche cristallographique adaptative]
Les matériaux du patrimoine sont souvent complexes et hétérogènes, avec une architecture multi-échelle. Plusieurs types de phases de cristallinité et de taille de grains variables coexistent, chacune d'entre elles préservant au sein de leur arrangement structural la mémoire des transformations ayant affecté le matériau au cours du temps. La diffraction des rayons X a été largement utilisée durant ces vingt dernières années pour étudier les matériaux du patrimoine, l'utilisation du rayonnement synchrotron offrant de nouvelles possibilités pour décrire leurs composantes structurales. Les propriétés de ces matériaux (optiques, mécaniques…), les étapes de leur élaboration, leur utilisation et leur conservation à long terme sont intimement liées à l'organisation à longue et courte distances des différentes phases cristallographiques qui les composent, ainsi qu'à leur position globale et/ou à leur dispersion. Dans cet article, plusieurs dispositifs expérimentaux et stratégies de collecte de données sont présentés, l'idée étant de pouvoir prendre en compte à la fois les phases cristallines (poudre et monocristaux) et amorphes.
Cultural heritage materials are often complex and heterogeneous, with a multi-scale architecture. Phases from a variety of crystalline forms co-exist in a wide grain size distribution, with each of these phases keeping in their structural arrangement a memory of the transformations that occurred to the material. Over the last two decades, X-ray diffraction has been applied successfully to the study of cultural heritage materials, with the use of synchrotron facilities offering new possibilities to describe the structural features of such complex materials. The long-range and/or short-range organization of the different crystallographic phases as well as their global position/dispersion in the material are closely related to the properties of the material (optical, mechanical…), its manufacturing process, functionality, or long-term conservation. In this paper, possible diffraction setups and data collection strategies are discussed in order to retrieve adequate data from crystalline and amorphous phases and to take into account single-crystal contributions.
Mot clés : Patrimoine culturel, Matériaux hétérogènes, Diffraction des rayons X, Phases cristallines, Phases amorphes, Synchrotron
@article{CRPHYS_2018__19_7_553_0,
author = {Catherine Dejoie and Pierre-Olivier Autran and Pierre Bordet and Andy N. Fitch and Pauline Martinetto and Philippe Sciau and Nobumichi Tamura and Jonathan Wright},
title = {X-ray diffraction and heterogeneous materials: {An} adaptive crystallography approach},
journal = {Comptes Rendus. Physique},
pages = {553--560},
publisher = {Elsevier},
volume = {19},
number = {7},
year = {2018},
doi = {10.1016/j.crhy.2018.09.001},
language = {en},
}
TY - JOUR AU - Catherine Dejoie AU - Pierre-Olivier Autran AU - Pierre Bordet AU - Andy N. Fitch AU - Pauline Martinetto AU - Philippe Sciau AU - Nobumichi Tamura AU - Jonathan Wright TI - X-ray diffraction and heterogeneous materials: An adaptive crystallography approach JO - Comptes Rendus. Physique PY - 2018 SP - 553 EP - 560 VL - 19 IS - 7 PB - Elsevier DO - 10.1016/j.crhy.2018.09.001 LA - en ID - CRPHYS_2018__19_7_553_0 ER -
%0 Journal Article %A Catherine Dejoie %A Pierre-Olivier Autran %A Pierre Bordet %A Andy N. Fitch %A Pauline Martinetto %A Philippe Sciau %A Nobumichi Tamura %A Jonathan Wright %T X-ray diffraction and heterogeneous materials: An adaptive crystallography approach %J Comptes Rendus. Physique %D 2018 %P 553-560 %V 19 %N 7 %I Elsevier %R 10.1016/j.crhy.2018.09.001 %G en %F CRPHYS_2018__19_7_553_0
Catherine Dejoie; Pierre-Olivier Autran; Pierre Bordet; Andy N. Fitch; Pauline Martinetto; Philippe Sciau; Nobumichi Tamura; Jonathan Wright. X-ray diffraction and heterogeneous materials: An adaptive crystallography approach. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 19 (2018) no. 7, pp. 553-560. doi : 10.1016/j.crhy.2018.09.001. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/j.crhy.2018.09.001/
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