Comptes Rendus
no. S1
The glass transition in molecules, colloids and grains: universality and specificity
[Universalité et spécificités des transitions vitreuses moléculaire, colloïdale, et granulaire]
Olivier Dauchot1 ; François Ladieu2  ; C. Patrick Royall1
1 Gulliver UMR CNRS 7083, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
2 SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Universit’e Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay Bat 772, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 24 (2023) no. S1, pp. 25-56.

Nous passons en revue certains des résultats expérimentaux importants concernant les systèmes vitrifiables moléculaires, colloïdaux et granulaires, sans prétendre aucunement à l’exhaustivité, mais en nous concentrant principalement sur nos propres travaux et ceux de nos collaborateurs. Notre objectif est de discuter les résultats expérimentaux pour chacun de ces systèmes en montrant à la fois ce qu’ils contiennent d’universel, malgré les grandes différences des échelles d’espace et de temps entre ces trois classes de matériaux, et ce qu’il y a de spécifique. Pour ce qui est des aspects universels, nous montrons en particulier que la notion d’hétérogénéité de la dynamique, celle de longueur de corrélation croissante, voire même celle de changement de structure subtil, sont désormais bien établies dans chacune des trois catégories de systèmes vitrifiables. Ensuite, nous passons en revue certains phénomènes expérimentaux qui dépendent plus spécifiquement de la catégorie de systèmes considérée, comme la transition de Gardner, et d’autres phénomènes qui ont été étudiés davantage dans une ou deux des catégories que dans l’ensemble des classes. Enfin, nous posons quelques questions ouvertes et examinons ce qui pourrait être fait pour combler certaines lacunes entre les approches théoriques et les expériences.

We highlight certain key achievements in experimental work on molecular, colloidal and granular glassformers. This short review considers these three classes of experimental systems and focusses largely on the work of the authors and their coworkers and thus is far from exhaustive. Our goal is rather to discuss particular experimental results from these classes and to explore universality and specificity across the broad range of length– and time–scales they span. We emphasize that a variety of phenomena, not least dynamical heterogeneity, growing lengthscales and a change in structure, albeit subtle, are now well established in these three classes of glassformer. We then review some experimental measurements which depend more specifically on the class of glassformer, such as the Gardner transition and some which have been investigated more in one or two classes than in all, such as configurational entropy and evidence for a dynamical phase transition. We finally put forward some open questions and consider what could be done to fill some of the gaps between theoretical approaches and experiments.

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DOI : 10.5802/crphys.155
Keywords: Glasses, Correlations, Colloidal Glass Transition, Granular Glass Transition, Structural Glass Transition, Dynamical Heterogeneities
Mot clés : Verres, Corrélations, Transition vitreuse colloïdale, Transition vitreuse granulaire, Transition vitreuse dans les verres structuraux, Hétérogénéités dynamiques
Olivier Dauchot 1 ; François Ladieu 2 ; C. Patrick Royall 1

1 Gulliver UMR CNRS 7083, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
2 SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Universit’e Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay Bat 772, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
Licence : CC-BY 4.0
Droits d'auteur : Les auteurs conservent leurs droits 
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Olivier Dauchot; François Ladieu; C. Patrick Royall. The glass transition in molecules, colloids and grains: universality and specificity. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 24 (2023) no. S1, pp. 25-56. doi : 10.5802/crphys.155. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.5802/crphys.155/

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